Chemistry Reactions and Nomenclature: Synthesis, Decomposition, and Acid Naming

Synthesis

two elements combine to form a compound

A+B=AB Element+Element=compound

Decomposition

a compound breaks into elements and/or smaller compounds

compound= element + element AB= A+B

What is the special decomposition reaction for metal chlorate?

Metal chlorate -> metal chloride + oxygen

What is the special decomposition reaction for metal carbonate?

Metal carbonate -> metal oxide + carbon dioxide

What is the special decomposition reaction for metal hydroxide?

Metal hydroxide -> metal oxide + water

Law of conservation of Atoms (mass)

there must be the same number of each type of atom before the reaction as after the reaction

endings

br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2 for perodic table endings only

if an anion ends in ide it becomes

Hydro___ic acid

If an anion ends in "ate" it becomes ------

____ic acid

If an anion ends in "ite" it becomes ------

___ous acid

single replacement

one element and one compound react to form a different element

the highest activity series replaces the lower one Element+compound--> Element + compound

double replacement

two compounds react to form two new compounds NO ACTIVITY SERIES WATCH OUT FOR ACIDS

ACIDS ALWAYS START WITH H AB+CD ->AD+CB

Combustion

starts with formula not words balancing: also balance oxygen last! USE ENDINGS CHART to PREDICT PRODUCTS. DIVIVE EVERYTHING BY 2 IF NOT BALANCED

numerals

DONT ADD NUMERALS IF A PRODUCT IS ALONE