Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary terms and concepts related to homeostasis, allostasis, and stress responses.

Homeostasis

A state of equilibrium or balance within the organism.

Allostasis

The overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being.

Stress

A real or perceived threat to the balance of homeostasis.

Selye’s general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory

A theory reflecting a nonspecific physiological response to stress, comprising three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

Stressors

Agents or conditions capable of producing stress.

Allostatic load

The wear-and-tear effect of adaptation on the body and mind, occurring as mediators produced by the stress response systems accumulate over time.

Coping mechanisms

Behavioral adaptations to stress aimed at reestablishing homeostasis, often associated with resilience.

Catecholamines

Hormones such as norepinephrine and epinephrine released in response to stress that affect various physiological functions.

Cortisol

A hormone from the adrenal cortex that has widespread effects on numerous tissues, including an anti-inflammatory role.

Allostatic overload

A condition related to excessive stress or inappropriate stress responses resulting from dysregulation of the stress response mechanisms.