Japanese 16

はげしい

Violent; fierce; extreme; severe

こうきゅう

1) High-class; high-grade; luxury

2) High salary

さいしゅう

Last; final; closing

(Like saishuu match)

てをだす

1) To get involved in

2) To stick your hand out

3) To lay your hands on; to hit

4) To make a move on; to lay hands on (a woman, flirtatiously

てをかす

Literally translates to lend a hand

Common word meaning to lend a hand or to help

ひなどり

Chick; baby bird

つぼ

Pot; jar; vase

ふんいき

Atmosphere; ambience; mood; feel

OFTEN SPOKEN AS ふいんき

うごきだす

To start to move; to get going

だす

The core concept of this word is that it describes an action that causes something to move from an inside/hidden state to an outside/visible state. Like the transitive verb of でる where でる is to come out with だす is someone putting something out. With that being said:

1) To take out; to get out (to physically move something from inside a container, pocket, room, etc. like to take out a wallet)

2) To put out; to reveal; to show (like physically putting out your hand or abstractly in a case like putting out someone’s name or revealing one’s hand)

3) To submit (like a paper); to turn in (like homework) (still follows core meaning where the homework leaves your private space and enters the public space)

4) To send (like a letter, so sending OUT)

Ex:私は彼女の手紙に返事を出さなければならない。I must answer her letter.

5) To publish; to make public (similar to #2)

6) To produce (a sound, voice, energy) (more literally it means to bring out something from inside you) 力(ちから)を出(だ)す (Chikara o dasu) - To exert energy or strength.

• Simple Meaning: To bring your inner strength out into an action.

音(おと)を出(だ)す (Oto o dasu) - To make a sound (using an object or instrument).

• Simple Meaning: To cause a sound to come out of a source.

7) To start (a fire). (Used more for an accident and used in formal news contexts more likely. ひをつける is more of an intentional lighting

8) To serve (food) (literally to bring out food, again core concept)お客(きゃく)さんが来(き)たので、お茶(ちゃ)とケーキを出(だ)した。A guest came, so I served tea and cake.

9) As a suffix after -masu stem of a verb it can imply (verb) out. So like とびだす to fly out はこびだす to carry out

10) After the masu stem form of a verb again as a suffix, it can imply that you are just starting something. はしりだす to start to run なきだす to start to cry

げいのうじん

Entertainer; celebrity; performer

ゆうかん

1) Brave; courageous; valiant

2) Evening edition (of a daily newspaper)

じろん

Ones cherished opinion; pet theory

いっぱん

General; universal; common

(Generally; universally with に after)

いろん

Different opinion; objection

もる

1) To serve/to pile up food (meaning you put food in a plate or bowl and often stack it high, but sometimes it could be just to serve food and stack it in a bowl normally)

2) To exaggerate (common slang)

話(はなし)を盛(も)る。 (Hanashi o moru.)

• To exaggerate or hype up a story. (To "heap" extra details onto it.)

3) To leak (intransitive)

いげん

Dignity; majesty

A powerful and respectable quality

Key Meanings and Nuances:

1. Dignity / Majesty: A profound, stately quality that earns respect. This is the most common translation.

2. Imposing Presence: A dominant and weighty atmosphere that inspires awe or even slight fear.

3. Authority / Status: A sense of gravitas that comes from a high social position, deep knowledge, or experience.

📝 Common Usage Example

せいてき

1) Sexual (relating to biological sex); sexual (attractions, abuse, relations, etc.)

2) Political opponent

けつめどう

Asshole; bastard (slang)

Very derogatory

なき

1) Crying; weeping (often will be used as a compound phrase so will be kinda hard to understand it’s usage in the sentence without knowing the phrases themselves)彼女はすっかり泣き止んだ。She stopped crying altogether.

2) - less; lacking _; without _

This is a form of なし used ONLY to modify a noun. Rarely used in casual conversation.

CANNOT END A SENTENCE. You’d have to use ない or なし if you wanted to use it at the end of the sentence.

Almost always used in phrases so hard to know what it means

欠点なき人はなし。No man is without his faults.

3) Deceased; late; dead; departed

Used to refer to a deceased person with formality or respect

なきちち = my late father

ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY A PERSONS NAME OR THEIR TITLE

うらみ

Resentment; grudge

じょうけん

Condition; term; requirement

いなか

Rural area; countryside; hometown

しゅうのう

Storage; storage space

As a verb it means to store or to put away

Transitive

冬(ふゆ)の服(ふく)をクローゼットに収納(しゅうのう)した。

(Fuyu no fuku o kurōzetto ni shūnō shita.)

I stored/put away the winter clothes in the closet.

しょうか

1) Digestion (of food usu but can mean digesting info)

2) Extinguishing a fire; fire fighting

しゅりょう vs しゅうりょう

しゅりょう refers to hunting or head; chief; boss; leader

しゅうりょう means 1) End; close; completion; termination 会議はもう終了いたしました。The conference is already over, sir.

2) Yield; size of harvest

あんけん

Matter (to discuss); item (on the agenda); case

うんえい

Management; administration

はく

1) To put on (lower body clothing like shoes or pants); to wear

2) Counter for nights of stay

3) To sweep; to brush; to clean

4) To vomit; to throw up

5) To spit out; to tell (like in a case where a suspect is being interrogated)

はか

Grave; tomb; gravesite

かんし

Monitoring; watching; surveillance

いっぴつ

A few lines (of writing); (dropping) a line

ちゅうりゃく

Omission (of the middle portion of text)

This is a word that insinuates that the middle part of written text has been omitted. Like if a quote was very long and they cut out a portion of the middle they’d replace that portion with (ちゅうりゃく)

めんきょ

License; permit

さけぶ

To shout; to cry (out); to scream

こうれい

Old age; advanced age

ほれる

To fall in love (with); to fall for; to become enamored (with)

Intransitive

ほうしゅう

Remuneration; reward

(a payment in exchange for work)

ひらく

This verb stems from the idea of moving from a closed, folded, restricted, or unstarted state to a state of being open, spread out, accessible, or initiated. With that being said:

1) To open (doors, windows, a bag, etc.) (can be used as both transitive and intransitive)

2) To open/spread out (books, umbrella, hands) (refers to unfolding or spreading a flat or closed object)

3) To open; to start (like a business, an event, an account, etc.) 会議(かいぎ)を開(ひら)く (Kaigi o hiraku): To hold/start a meeting.

あける and あく are for more momentary simple actions like opening a door or box while ひらく is more focused on a wider opening

いったん

1) Once

This usage means performing an action a single time, but with the strong implication that this single instance is a preliminary step or a temporary measure before a larger, future event occurs.

旦食べてみる。 (Ittan tabete miru.)• Meaning: "I'll just try it once (to see if I like it, then decide what to do next)."

Similar to いっかい but いったん is non final and preliminary while いっかい is about counting the number of times

** it is often paired with a conditional form (たら, と) and that makes the meaning “ONCE a condition occurs, then _”

Otherwise it just means once, like one occurrence

*** also be careful when it is used as an adverb because it’s saying that the verb it is modifying is occurring once (also happens with conditional form

2) For a moment; temporarily

This definition is used to emphasize that an action is not a final stop but a temporary interruptionbefore something resumes or continues.

Example: 一旦止まります I will stop for a moment

いったんいえにかえる I’m going home temporarily (before coming back or going else)

べんごにん

Defense Lawyer; defense council

More of a narrow role than べんごし where べんごにん refers to the subset of lawyers that work on defending the rights of people

へいき

1) Cool; calm; composed; nonchalant

2) (Colloquially) All right; fine; OK

3) Arms; weapon (like “they shouldn’t be buying this many weapons”)

じはく

Confession; admission

A formal admission of guilt or wrongdoing

めいはく

Obvious; clear; evident; apparent

Na adj

しょうさい

Details; particulars; specifics