Business Information Systems Final Exam

A multinational corporation (MNC)

This is an organization with assets and operations in at least one country other than its home country. It delivers products and services across national borders and is usually centrally managed from its headquarters. 

Global information system (GIS)

This is an information system that works across national borders, facilitates communication between headquarters and subsidiaries in other countries, and incorporates all the technologies and applications found in a typical information system to gather, store, manipulate, and transmit data across cultural and geographic boundaries.

A global structure or franchiser

This uses highly centralized information systems. Subsidiaries have little autonomy and rely on headquarters for all process and control decisions as well as system design and implementation.

international structure

An organization with this structure operates much like a multinational corporation, but subsidiaries depend on headquarters more for process and production decisions. 

True

Globalization has become an important factor in purchasing and the supply chain. True or False?

True

Transborder data flow (TDF) restricts the type of data that can be captured and transmitted in foreign countries. True or False?

Domestic organizations

All of the following organizations do business across national borders except:

a. Multinational organizations

b. Global organizations

c. Domestic organizations

d. International organizations

Lack of funding

Which of the following is NOT one of the three obstacles to using global information systems?

a. cultural differences

b. lack of funding

c. lack of standardization

d. diverse regulatory practices

agile methodology

Focuses on an incremental development process and timely delivery of working software. However, there is less emphasis on team coding and more emphasis on limiting the project’s scope.

pilot conversion

The analyst introduces the system in only a limited area of the organization, such as a division or department. If the system works correctly, it is implemented in the rest of the organization in stages or all at once.

operational feasibility

The measure of how well the proposed solution will work in the organization and how internal and external customers will react to it

project management

Which of the following is NOT one of the five phases for the SDLC:

a. Project management

b. planning

c. requirements gathering and analysis

d. maintenance

e. implementation

a request for proposal

A written document with detailed specifications that is used to request bids for equipment, supplies, or services from vendors.

the requirements-gathering and analysis phase

Analysts define the problem and generate alternatives for solving it.

the design phase

analysis choose the solution that is the most relistic and offers the highest payoff for the organization

the planning phase

The systems designer must define the problem the organization faces, taking care not to define symptoms rather than the underlying problem

systems development life cycle (SDLC

a series of well-defined phases performed in sequence. Each phase’s output (results) becomes the input for the next phase

the implementation phase

the solution is transferred from paper to action, and the team configures the system and procures components for it

Artificial intelligence (AI)

technologies that try to simulate and reproduce human thought behavior, including thinking, speaking, feeling, and resoning

Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

an integrated system that collects and processes data and manages and coordinates resources, information, and functions throughout an organization

supply chain management (SCM)

the process of working with partners to improve procedures for delivering products and services

machine learning

a process and procedure by which knowledge is gained through experience. In other words, computers learn without being explicitly programmed

electron data interchange (EDI)

enables business partners to send and receive information on business transactions

expert system

mimics human expertise in a particular field to solve a problem in a well-defined area

knowledge management systems

a technique used to improve (CRM) systems (and many other systems) by identifying, storing, and disseminating “know-how” facts about how to perform tasks

customer relationship management(CRM)

this consists of the processes a company uses to track and organize its contacts. It improves services offered and uses customer contact information for targeted marketing

group support systems (GSS)

assist decision makers working in groups. These systems use computer and communication technologies to formulate, process, and implement a decision-making task and can be considered a kind of intervention technology that helps overcome the limitations of group interactions.

a geographic information system

captures, stores, processes, and displays geographic information or information in a geographic context, such as showing the location of all city street lights

a decision support system (DSS)

an interactive information system consisting of hardware, software, data, and models (mathematical and statistical) designed to assist decision makers in an organization. Its three major components are a database, a model base, and a user interface.

database, model base, and user interface

what are the three major components of a decision support system

groupware

assists groups in communicating, collaborating, and coordinating their activities. A collection of applications that supports decision makers by providing access to a shared environment and information

provides access to a shared environment and information

How does groupware support decision makers?

push technology

a web server delivers information to users (who have signed up for the service) instead of waiting for them to request the information be sent to them

Executive information systems (EIS)

Interactive information systems that gibe executives easy accesss to internal and external data and typically include “drill-down” features and a digital dashboard for examining and analyzing information

blockchain

a decentralized and distributed network that is used to record transactions across connected devices as blocks of data that cannot be altered after being recorded

Radio frequency identification (RFID) tag

small electronic device consisting of a microchip and an antenna. This device performs the same task as bar codes, universal product codes (UPCs), and magnetic strips on credit and debit cards

digital dashboard

integrates information from multiple sources and presents it in a unified, understandable format, often as charts and graphs. It offers up-to-the minute snapshots of information and assists decision makers in identifying trends and potential problems.

expert systems

mimics human expertise in a particular field to solve a problem in a well-defined area

artificial intelligence (AI)

technologies that try to simulate and reproduce human thought, behavior, including thinking, speaking, feeling, and reasoning

machine learning

a process and procedure by which knowledge is gained through experience. Computers learn without being explicitly programmed

fuzzy logic

allows a smooth, gradual transition between human and computer vocabularies and deals with variations in linguistic terms by using a degree of membership

intelligent agents

software capable of reasoning and following rule-based processes; they are becoming more popular, especially in e-commerce

pull technology

user states a need before getting information, as when a URL is entered in a Web nrowser so the user can go to a certain Web site

augmented reality

users stay in the real-world environment while interacting with objects

push technology

a Web server delivers information to users (who have signed up for the service) instead of waiting form them to request the information be sent to them

virtual reality

uses computer-generated, three-dimensional images to create the illusion of interaction in a real-world environment

grid computing

involves combining the processing powers of various computers

utility computing

the provision of IT services on demand. Users pay for computing or storage resources on an as-needed basis

false

Bluetooth and WiMax serve the same basic function?

True or false

True

There are two types of RFID tags: passive and active. True or False?

Passive and active

what are the two types of RFID tags?

E business

all activities a company performs for selling and buying products and services using computers and communication technologies

e commerce

buying an selling goods and services over the internet

value chain

series of activities designed to meet business needs by adding value or cost in each phase of the process

enhances relationships, gathers more information, global operations

list some advantages of e commerce

bandwidth, security issues, accessibility

list some disadvantages of e commerce

Target

give an example of business to consumer (B2C)

Jeep buying parts from their manufacturers

give an example of business to business (B2B)

Etsy

give an example of consumer to consumer (C2C)

licenses and permits

give an example of government and nonbusiness e-commerce

increased global control, better communication, increased efficiency

Advanatages of a global information system

global database, information sharing technologies, transborder data flow

what are the three components of a global information system

transborder data flow

restricts what type of data can be captured and transmitted in foreign countries

differences in culture, bueiness methods, regulatory practices, and communication methods

what are some obstacles of global information systems

planning, requirements-gathering and analysis, design, development, implementation, maintenance

what are the 6 phases of the systems development life cycle?

poliot conversion, parrallel conversion, phased in phased out, plunge/big bang

what are the 4 implementation systems

supply chain system, customer management, employee management, orders, sales

What systems would you consider for your bakery?

structured decisions

can be automated because a well-defined standard operating procedure exists for these types of decisions

programmable tasks

semistructured decisions

include a structured aspect that benefits from information retrieval, analytical models, and information systems tecchnology

unstructured decisions

one-time decisions with no standard operating procedure

decision maker’s intuition plays an important role as information technology offers less support for the decisions

sales, customer satisfaction, advertisements reached, spending, remaining budget

what should you include in a digital dashboard

payroll or plant location

what is an example of a structured decision

sales forecast

what is an example of a semistructured decision

resolving conflict within the company

what is an example of an unstructured decision

Application Service Provider (ASP)

Provide access to software or services for free

Software as a service (SaaS)

On demand software

Retail checkout and POS systems

Example of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Customer, product, order

What types of tables can you make in a relational database?