Chapter 04: Community Health Nursing Practice (Test Bank)

Which of the following is true in regard to public health nursing?

a. The main focus of public health nursing is on political processes for healthy public policy.

b. Public health nursing is the same as community health nursing.

c. Public health nursing focuses on the incidence of disease.

d. Public health nursing includes direct care and services to various populations.

d. Public health nursing includes direct care and services to various populations.

Public health nursing strives to safeguard and improve the health of populations in the community, including providing direct care and services.

Which of the following is true in regard to social justice?

a. The focus of social justice is on disease prevention.

b. Social justice is used only with people in precarious situations.

c. Social justice is rooted in societal responsibility and fairness.

d. Social justice is a process to exercise the ability to enhance control.

c. Social justice is rooted in societal responsibility and fairness.

Social justice is rooted in notions of societal responsibility and fairness of justice. It encompasses equity, human rights, democracy and civil rights, capacity building, just institutions, enabling environments, poverty reduction, ethical practice, advocacy, and partnerships.

Which of the following clients presents the highest risk for health-related concerns?

a. Ms. Madison, a 25-year-old woman living in a woman's shelter

b. Mr. Saliman, a 62-year-old man taking medication for chronic hypertension and

diabetes

c. Mr. Joseph, a 17-year-old man attending an outpatient mental health clinic

d. Ms. Tray, a 31-year-old woman addicted to cocaine

d. Ms. Tray, a 31-year-old woman addicted to cocaine

Ms. Tray, because she is a substance user, presents the greatest risk for health-related concerns. Clients who abuse substances also frequently have additional health and socioeconomic problems.

Community assessments are important in order for the nurse to understand and respond to the needs of the population. What will the nurse focus on when assessing the structure of the community?

a. Collecting demographic data on age distribution

b. Visiting neighbourhood schools to review health records

c. Interviewing clients to determine the cultural makeup of subgroups

d. Observing the physical environment and location of services

d. Observing the physical environment and location of services

When assessing the structure or locale of a community, the nurse should travel

around the neighbourhood and observe the physical environment, the location of

services, and the locations where residents congregate. Locale and structure

make up one of the three components of community assessment.

Among the following nursing skills, which one must be demonstrated to successfully fulfill the role of facilitator?

a. Advocacy

b. Paternalism

c. Autonomy

d. Negotiation

a. Advocacy

Community health nurses work within a participatory process; leadership and

advocacy are critical skills needed for the role of facilitator.

Unsafe sexual practices remain high among young people. Which of the following actions should the nurse initially undertake to address unsafe sexual practices with a client?

a. Document the unsafe practices.

b. Complete a physical assessment.

c. Decide what strategies would work best for the client.

d. Assess the circumstances that contribute to the unsafe practices.

d. Assess the circumstances that contribute to the unsafe practices.

The nurse should initially partner with the client to assess the circumstances that contribute to substance use, unsafe sexual practices, or other risk behaviours, and identify strategies to address clients' often multiple and interrelated concerns.

Which of the following statements describes a population?

a. A group of people who live in a given community

b. Geographic groupings, such as individuals, who live in neighbourhoods

c. A collection of individuals who have personal and environmental characteristics

in common

d. A group of individuals who are

c. A collection of individuals who have personal and environmental characteristics

A population is defined as a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common. Examples of population include Canadians inclusively, or, more specifically, high-risk infants, older adults, or cultural groups such as Aboriginals.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a healthy community?

a. A collective capacity to solve problems

b. Proximity to lakes and forests

c. Access to recreational facilities

d. Government interventions to solve community problems

A. collective capacity to solve problems

Key characteristics of healthy communities include a collective capacity to solve problems, adequate living conditions, a safe environment, and sustainable

resources such as employment, health care, and educational facilities.

Which of the following must the nurse do in order to be culturally competent?

a. Be sensitive to a client's cultural uniqueness.

b. Evaluate a client's beliefs and values about health in terms of the nurse's own experience.

c. Be able to appraise and understand a client's cultural beliefs, values, and practices.

d. Be ready to discuss a client's beliefs and values with him or her.

c. Be able to appraise and understand a client's cultural beliefs, values, and practices.

The nurse must be able to appraise and understand a client's cultural beliefs, values, and practices in order to work with him or her to determine the needs and

interventions most likely to improve health.

Which of the following groups of health concerns affect youth, young men, and those in Aboriginal communities in particular?

a. Depression, suicide, unemployment, and unintentional injuries

b. Chronic illness, mental illness, impaired function, and nutrition

c. Physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect

d. Substance abuse, alcoholism, sexually transmitted diseases, and AIDS

a. Depression, suicide, unemployment, and unintentional injuries

Depression, suicide, unemployment, and unintentional injuries are concerns that affect youth, young men, and those in Aboriginal communities.

A client is being discharged home from an acute care facility following a total hip replacement. She will require follow-up for

health care and also exercise. In addition to a home health nurse, what other service will this client require?

a. Dietitian

b. Social worker

c. Physiotherapist

d. Respiratory therapist

c. Physiotherapist

Community health nurses bring together resources to improve continuity of care for clients. In collaboration with clients, health care and social service providers,

and other community members, they coordinate health care services, locate appropriate services, and develop innovative approaches to address clients'

health care issues. A physiotherapist would be an appropriate service to facilitate an exercise program for a client after a hip replacement.

The nurse is planning interventions for the clients of a homeless shelter. Which of the following activities represents a primary level

intervention regarding sexually transmitted infections?

a. HIV screening for all residents

b. Sex education for teenage residents

c. Treatment for residents diagnosed with AIDS

d. Gynecological referrals for female residents

b. Sex education for teenage residents

Primary health care focuses on education rehabilitation, support services, health promotion, and disease prevention.

The nurse is working in a free clinic and caring for a homeless client diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. The client reports, "I

hurt my foot running away from them. It hurts so bad I can hardly walk now." On assessment, the nurse notices bruising on the

client's back, arms, and thighs, a red rash on her neck and face, and poor personal hygiene, in addition to edema of the left ankle.

Which of the following pose a risk to this client?

a. Physical abuse and assault

b. Drug addiction relating to pain

c. Communicable immune disorders

d. Hospitalization due to a mental disorder

a. Physical abuse and assault

When a client has a severe mental illness, multiple health and socioeconomic challenges must be explored. Many such clients are homeless or marginally housed. The client's report of needing to run away from others requires further

assessment in order to rule out physical abuse or assault.

When assessing members of a vulnerable population, which of the following should the community health nurse realize is their

primary need?

a. Obtaining a culturally competent assessment

b. Receiving food security

c. Providing a comfortable, nonthreatening environment

d. Assessing for indications of mental or physical abuse

c. Providing a comfortable, nonthreatening environment

When assessing members of a vulnerable population, it is important to create a comfortable, nonthreatening environment. The nurse may only have one opportunity to work with the vulnerable person or family. Creating a comfortable and nonthreatening environment will encourage the client to participate in the assessment.

Which of the following is an example of a harm reduction program?

a. A nutrition clinic

b. A prenatal clinic

c. A needle exchange program

d. An exercise program

c. A needle exchange program

Harm reduction initiatives such as needle exchange programs, which are now available in most Canadian provinces, exemplify community nursing practice

guided by primary health care, health promotion, empowerment, and ethical principles.