CMP4010 Computational Thinking - Week 5: Fundamental Concepts in Mathematics and Computer Science

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on fundamental concepts in mathematics and computer science, particularly focusing on numbering systems, computational thinking, and data structures.

Binary System

A numbering system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, representing the basic unit of information in computing (a bit).

Decimal System

A base-10 numbering system that uses digits from 0 to 9, commonly used in everyday life.

Octal System

A base-8 numbering system that uses digits from 0 to 7.

Hexadecimal System

A base-16 numbering system that uses digits from 0 to 9 and letters A to F.

Conduction

The process of converting numbers from one numbering system to another, such as binary to decimal.

Complement

In digital systems, refers to the method of inverting bits, often used in arithmetic operations.

Computational Thinking

A problem-solving process that involves decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm development.

Algorithm

A step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.

Data Structure

A way of organizing and storing data in a computer to enable efficient access and modification.

Bit

The smallest unit of data in a computer, represented by a binary digit (0 or 1).

Byte

A group of 8 bits, often used as a basic unit of data storage.

Logic Level

A representation of binary information by two states: Low (L) and High (H).