Organic Chemistry 1 - CHEM 2310 Lecture Notes

A set of vocabulary flashcards derived from Organic Chemistry 1 lecture notes, covering key terms related to chemical concepts, functional groups, and molecular nomenclature.

Proton

An H+ ion; the nucleus of a hydrogen atom, which contains one proton.

Acid

A substance that donates protons (H+ ions) in a chemical reaction.

Base

A substance that accepts protons (H+ ions) in a chemical reaction.

pKa

A measure of acidity; lower pKa values indicate stronger acids.

Electron withdrawing group (EWG)

A group that decreases electron density in a molecule by pulling electrons away through the carbon atom it is bonded to.

Hybridization

The concept used to describe the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals, affecting molecular geometry and properties.

Functional Group

A specific group of atoms within a molecule that defines its chemical behavior and classification.

Alkane

A hydrocarbon with only single bonds, classified as saturated hydrocarbons.

Isoamyl group

A special name indicating a branched alkyl group with five carbons.

Nomenclature

The system of naming chemical compounds according to specific rules.