Chem Salts, Solubility rules, Strong and Weak acids and bases

Strong Electrolyte

Ionic Compound

Strong Electrolytes

strong acids and bases

Strong Acid

HCl (hydrochloric acid)

Strong acid

HBr (hydrobromic acid)

Strong Acid

HI (Hydroiodic acid)

Strong Acid

HNO_3 (Nitric Acid)

Strong Acid

HClO_3 (chloric acid

Strong acid

HClO_4 (perchloric acid)

Strong Acid

H_2SO_4 (Sulfuric acid)

Strong base

LiOH (lithium hydroxide)

Strong base

NaOH (sodium hydroxide)

strong base

KOH (potassium hydroxide)

Strong base

Ba(OH)_2 (Barium hydroxide)

Strong base

Sr(OH)_2 (strontium hydroxide)

Strong base

Ca(OH)_2 (calcium hydroxide)

Weak electrolytes

weak acids and bases

Nonelectrolytes

most molecular compounds

Weak acids

Any carboxylic acid (-COOH)

Weak acid

HF

Weak Acid

HNO_2

Weak base

Substances with an NH group (CH_3CH_2NH_2, NH_4OH, NH_3)

Water Soluble

Na^+

Water soluble

K^+

Water Soluble

NH_4^+

Water Soluble

NO_3^- (nitrate)

Water soluble

ClO_3^- (chlorate)

Water soluble

ClO_4^- (perchlorate)

Water soluble

CH_3CO_2^_ (acetate)

Water soluble

Cl^-

Water soluble

Br^-

Water soluble

I^-

Exceptions to Cl^-, Br^-, and I^- that make them non soluble

Ag^+

Exceptions to Cl^-, Br^-, and I^- that make them non soluble

Hg_2²+

Exceptions to Cl^-, Br^-, and I^- that make them non soluble

Pb²+

Water Soluble

F^-

Exceptions to F^- that make it non soluble

Mg²+

Exceptions to F^- that make it non soluble

Ca²+

Exceptions to F^- that make it non soluble

Sr²+

Exceptions to F^- that make it non soluble

Ba²+

Exceptions to F^- that make it non soluble

Pb²+

Water Soluble 

SO_4²-

Exceptions to SO_4²- that make it non soluble

Ca²+

Exceptions to SO_4²- that make it non soluble

Sr²+

Exceptions to SO_4²- that make it non soluble

Ba²+

Exceptions to SO_4²- that make it non soluble

Pb²+

Exceptions to SO_4²- that make it non soluble

Ag^+

Water insoluble

CO_3²- (carbonate)

Water insoluble

PO_4³- (Phosphate)

Water insoluble

C_2O_4²- (oxalate)

Water insoluble

CrO_4²- (chromate)

Water insoluble

S²- (Sulfide)

Exceptions that make CO_3²-, PO_4³-, C_2O_4²-, CrO_4²-, S²- soluble in water

NH_4^+

Exceptions that make CO_3²-, PO_4³-, C_2O_4²-, CrO_4²-, S²- soluble in water

Alkali Metal Cations

Exceptions that make CO_3²-, PO_4³-, C_2O_4²-, CrO_4²-, S²- soluble in water

BaS

Water insoluble

Metal Hydroxides

Water insoluble

Oxides

Exceptions that make metal hydroxides and oxides soluble in water

Alkali metal hydroxides

Exceptions that make metal hydroxides and oxides soluble in water

Ba(OH)_2

Exceptions that make metal hydroxides and oxides soluble in water

Sr(OH)_2

Oxidation # of Zero

Elemental state atoms

Oxidation # equal to the charge on the ion

Monatomic Ions

Oxidation # of -1

Fluorine

Oxidation # of +1 except when with a metal

Hydrogen

Oxidation # of -2 (except -1 in peroxides (O_2²-))

Oxygen

Oxidation # of -1 (except when with fluorine or oxygen)

Chlorine

Oxidation # of -1 (except when with fluorine or oxygen)

Bromine

Oxidation # of -1 (except when with fluorine or oxygen)

Iodine

Oxidation # of Compound is equal to the charge so zero for neutral compounds and total charge for polyatomic ions

Polyatomics and Compounds