Biofeedback in Sports Performance and Rehabilitation

Biofeedback

Process providing information on biological functions.

EEG

Electroencephalography; measures brain electrical activity.

HRV

Heart rate variability; indicator of autonomic nervous system.

EMG

Electromyography; measures muscle electrical activity.

Neurofeedback

EEG biofeedback to improve brain function.

Performance Feedback

Information to enhance athletic performance.

Alpha Power

EEG signal in 8-12 Hz range; linked to relaxation.

Theta Power

EEG signal in 3-7 Hz range; associated with creativity.

Beta Power

EEG signal above 12 Hz; indicates alertness.

Delta Power

EEG signal below 3 Hz; associated with deep sleep.

Frontal Cortex

Brain region involved in decision-making and movement.

Temporal Lobes

Brain regions associated with memory and spatial awareness.

Putting Performance

Skill in golf; influenced by EEG alpha power.

Archery Performance

Skill in archery; linked to temporal lobe activity.

Stroke Rehabilitation

Therapy to recover movement post-stroke.

Heart Rate Biofeedback

Technique to control heart rate during exercise.

Cingulate Cortex

Brain area involved in emotional regulation and heart rate.

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Study design comparing treatment effects.

SMD

Standardized mean difference; effect size measure.

Peak Ankle Power

Maximum force exerted by the ankle during movement.

Gait Velocity

Speed of walking; important for mobility assessment.

Stride Length

Distance covered in one step; affects walking efficiency.

Biofeedback Games

Engaging activities providing performance feedback.

Thalamocortical Neurons

Nerves influencing cortical brain activity.

Meta-Analysis

Statistical analysis combining results from multiple studies.

Exercise Tachycardia

Increased heart rate during physical activity.

Operant Conditioning

Learning process through reinforcement of behavior.

Hypertensives

Individuals with high blood pressure.