Functionalism: Theories of the Family

Who are the 2 key functionalist theorists of the family?

• Murdock

• Parsons

What are Murdock’s 4 functions of the family?

• sexual

• reproduction

• socialisation

• economic

What are Parson’s 2 functions of the family?

• socialisation

• stabilisation of adult personalities

According to Murdock, what is the sexual function of the family?

It ensures that adult sexual relationships are controlled and socially acceptable. This meant that relationships were monogamous and heterosexual.

According to Murdock, what is the reproductive function of the family?

The family ensures the biological reproduction of the next generation, without which society cannot continue.

According to Murdock, what is the socialisation function of the family?

The socialisation of the young - teaching basic norms and values to the next generation so that they are fully integrated into society.

According to Murdock, what is the economic function of the family?

The family meets its members economic needs by pooling resources, producing food, and providing shelter, for example.

According to Parsons, what is the stabilisation of adult personalities function of the family?

A marital relationship between two adults achieves emotional security - this is the stabilisation of adult personalities. Stabilisation is achieved through the biologically determined roles of men and women in the family.

What is Parson’s ‘warm bath’ theory?

The family is a place where the working man can be de-stressed by his wife, which reduces conflict in society.