Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder complex

What is the shoulder complex comprised of?

Scapula, Clavicle, Sternum, Humerus, Rib Cage (sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, glenohumeral joint, scapulothoracic joint)

What is the shoulder girdle?

Performs activities of scapula and clavicle (sometimes sternum)

What are the movements of the shoulder girdle?

Elevation and depression

Protraction and retraction

Upward and downward rotation

What is another name for the shoulder joint? And what are the bones and movements of this joint?

Glenohumeral joint: Scapula and humerus

Movements: circumduction, flexion and extension, hyperextension, abduction and adduction, medial and lateral rotation, horizontal abduction and adduction

What is the location of the scapula in relation to the ribs and spinal column?

2-7 ribs. 2-3 inches from vertebrae spinous processes

What are the parts of the clavicle?

Medial end (sternum), body, lateral end

What are the parts of the sternum?

Manubrium, body, xiphoid process

What are the three ligaments that support the acromioclavicular joint and what do they connect?

Coracoacromial: Coracoid and acromion

Acromioclavicular: Acromion and clavicle

Coracoclavicular: Coracoid and clavicle

What are the movements of upward rotation?

Inferior angle moves superiorly and laterally

What are the movements of downward rotation?

Return to anatomical resting position

What is pathological winging of the scapula?

Can be caused by disfunction of the serratus anterior or trapezius. Vertebral border sticks out. Occurs within stabilizing muscles around scapula are weaker.

When there is flexion or abduction of the shoulder joint, the scapula must rotate _

upwardly

When there is _ of the shoulder joint, the scapula must rotate downward or return to anatomical position

Extension or adduction

What shoulder joint motion occurs in protraction?

medial rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion

What shoulder joint motion occurs in retraction?

Lateral rotation, horizontal abduction, extension

What is scapulohumeral rhythm?

• 1st 30 degrees of shoulder joint motion is pure shoulder joint motion

• After that, for every 2 degrees of shoulder flexion or abduction the scapula must upwardly rotate 1 degree

• The ratio is 2:1

What will be the most effective pull for muscles with a vertical angle of pull?

up or down. elevate or depress

What will be the most effective pull for muscles with a horizontal angle of pull?

In or out. Protract or retract

What is a muscle that has equal horizontal and vertical pull?

rhomboids

What is the origin of the upper trapezius?

head

what is the insertion of the upper trapezius?

lateral end of clavicle, acromion, and lateral end of spine

What are the actions of the upper trapezius?

Elevate and upwardly rotate

What is the origin of the middle trapezius?

SP C7-T3

What is the insertion of the middle trapezius?

Spine of scapula

What are the actions of the middle trapezius?

Retraction

What is the origin of the lower trapezius?

thoracic SPs

What is the insertion of the lower trapezius ?

Spine of scapula

What are the actions of the lower trapezius?

upward rotation and depression

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

TVPs C1-C4

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

Superior portion of vertebral border

What are the actions of the levator scapulae?

downward rotation and elevation

What is the origin of the rhomboids?

SPs C7-T5

What is the insertion of the rhomboids?

Vertebral border

What is the action of the rhomboids?

Retraction, elevation, downward rotation

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

Superior 8 or 9 ribs

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

Vertebral border

What are the actions of the serratus anterior?

Protraction and upward rotation

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor

Ribs 3-5

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

coracoid process

What is the action of the pectoralis minor?

downward rotation, depress, and protract

What are the muscles of protraction?

Serratus anterior and pec minor

what are the muscles of retraction?

Middle trapezius and rhomboids

What are the muscles of upward rotation?

Lower trapezius, upper trapezius and serratus anterior

what are the muscles of downward rotation?

Levator scapulae, rhomboids, and pec minor

What are the muscles of elevation?

upper trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboids

What are the muscle of depression?

lower trapezius and pec minor