Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Archaea

These flashcards encompass key vocabulary and concepts related to prokaryotic cell structure and Archaea, aiding in exam preparation.

FtsZ

A protein that forms a ring at the isthmus of dividing bacteria and is involved in cell division.

Divisome

A complex of proteins that controls the synthesis of the new membrane and cell wall material during bacterial cell division.

Endospore

A specialized structure formed within a cell to ensure survival under harsh environmental conditions.

SASPs (Small Acid-Soluble Proteins)

Proteins that bind tightly to DNA in spores, protecting it from damage and serving as a carbon and energy source for outgrowth.

S-layer

Paracrystalline protein or glycoprotein monolayer present in the cell wall of some Archaea, providing strength and protection.

Archaella

Flagellum analogue in Archaea, similar to type IV pili, used for locomotion and powered by ATP hydrolysis.

Sporulation

The process of spore formation triggered by nutrient depletion, resulting in the creation of endospores.

Pseudomurein

A component of the cell wall in some methanogenic Archaea, structurally similar to peptidoglycan.

Hami

Structures in some Archaea, resembling type IV pili, that help in attachment to surfaces and forming biofilms.

Core membrane

The membrane that bounds the core or spore protoplast in endospores, containing cytoplasm and genetic material.