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Population Growth Rate
Speed at which human population increases over time.
One Child Policy
China's policy limiting families to one child.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Average number of children born per woman.
Replacement Fertility Rate
TFR needed to maintain population size, about 2.1.
Demographic Transition
Shift from high birth/death rates to low rates.
Infant Mortality Rate
Number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births.
Cumulative Impact
Total effect of human activities on the environment.
IPAT Model
Impact = Population x Affluence x Technology.
Population Density
Number of people per unit area.
Sex Ratio
Ratio of males to females in a population.
Aging Population
Increasing proportion of elderly individuals in society.
Population Control Program
Government initiatives to regulate population growth.
Environmental Capacity
Maximum population size that an environment can sustain.
Affluence
Wealth and consumption levels of a population.
Technological Advances
Improvements that affect resource use and efficiency.
Population Size Determinants
Factors include births, deaths, immigration, and emigration.
Current Global Population
Approximately 8.2 billion as of 2023.
Population Distribution
How population is spread across different regions.
High Population Growth Regions
Currently highest in Africa, projected for future.
China's Population Rank
China has the highest population globally.
India's Population Projection
India expected to surpass China soon.
Impact of Education on Fertility
Educating women reduces fertility rates significantly.
Environmental Degradation
Deterioration of the environment due to human activity.
