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What are some characteristics of Renaissance?
Individualism and individual ablity
How were the women in the Renaissance treated?
They still lacked basic equality but were encouraged to find themselves and study the liberal arts.
What was Machiavelli’s main belief?
That power must be based on understanding of self-centered human nature.
Who was Petrarch?
He is the father of the Renaissance and Humanism
What is Humanism?
the importance of human beings
What is Civic Humanism?
It is about intellectual life
What did Bruni write?
He wrote the New Cicero
What did Mirandola write and believe in?
He wrote oration on the dignity of man and Hermeticism
How did the printing press assist with the Renaissance?
It helped spread ideas
What did Da Vinci focus on in his paintings?
His main goal was imitation.
What did Michelangelo focus on in his paintings?
The reflection of divine beauty
What was the focus on Northern Renaissance art?
emotional intensity
Who was a major artist of the Northern Renaissance?
Jan Van Eyck
What was the main characteristic of the Northern Renaissance?
It’s main focus was the ideals of Christianity
What did Erasmus write?
The Hand Book of the Christian Knight
What did the America’s receive the Colombian exchange
They got smallpox, rice, wheat and slaves
What did Europe receive the Colombian exchange
They got sexual diseases, tomatoes, potatoes and gold/silver.
What did Columbus intend to find instead of America?
He intended to find Asia
What was the treaty of Treaty of Tordesillas
It split the Americas between Portugal and Spain
Who was Hernan Cortez
He helped take the Aztecs down
Who explored New England?
John Cabot
Who discovered South America?
Pedro Cabral
Who reached the pacific?
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Who found the Philippines
Ferdinand Magellan
What was their goal for exploration?
God, Glory, God
What did the Americas get in the triangular trade?
Slaves
What did Europe get in the triangular trade?
Sugar
What did Africa get in the triangular trade?
textiles
What was the journey to Africa to America called?
The middle passage
What were some of the causes of the Reformation
Corruption and lack of spiritual leadership
What is Mercantilism
it maximizes the resources in a country
What was the Price Revolution?
Working class suffered while the Nobles prospered from the rise in prices
Why did the Price Revolution occur?
It most likely occurred because of metals and rise in population
Why did Luther write the 95 page thesis?
It was about the indulgences.
What were indulgences?
Basically paying your way out of hell
Why did Luther go against the Peasants that supported him?
Luther relied on the German princes and could not risk going against them,
What happened with Charles V during his reign?
He failed to keep control during the majority of his reign
What were the Anabaptist’s beliefs
They believed that baptism should wait until adulthood and that church and state should be separated
What was the Act of Supremacy?
the king has all control over church affairs
What was one of the Calvinist’s beliefs?
They believed in predestination
What religion did Mary I attempt to restore?
she attempted to restore Catholicism in Engla
What did the Catholic reformation bring back?
It brought back it’s best features
What group did the Jesuits fight against?
The Protestants
What religious group did the Council of Trent oppose?
They opposed Protestantism
What did the Anglican church believe in and was their group called?
They were called the Puritans and they were of Protestant beliefs
What happened the Spanish Armada?
They relied on God and said fuck it
What was Phillip II like during his reign of Spain
Spain culturally and politically succeeded but his faith cost him
What pushed the 30 years war to begin?
The defenestration of Prague
What did the peace of Augsburg not include in the treaty?
It did not include Calvinism
What did the peace of Westphalia do?
It recognized Catholicism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism as official religions
Who took the throne at the end of the French Wars
Henry of Navarre
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