16/09 Lecture 25 - Fatty Acids as Fuel I

Triacylglycerol

This is the most common form of consumed fats, consisting of three glycerol chains bonded to three acyl groups

Lipase

This is a group of enzymes that hydrolyse TAGs to release FFAs

Pancreatic lipase

This is an enzyme that hydrolyses fatty acids at positions 1 and 3, giving 2 FFAs and monoacylglycerol

Bile salt

This refers to acids synthesised from cholesterol in the liver that assist in transporting lipase, stored in the gallbladder and secreted when needed

Micelles

These are formed by bile salts that are soluble in water and help to transport TAGs

Lipoprotein

These are structures that carry lipid micelles through the hydrophilic blood, with a polar exterior and a non-polar interior

Apoprotein

This is a protein that sits on the membrane of lipoproteins, with a range of functions including maintaining lipoprotein structure and acting as receptor ligands or cofactors

Lipoprotein lipase

This is an enzyme on the endothelial surface of capillaries that hydrolyses TAGs in lipoproteins to allow them to enter muscular and adipose tissue