Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts in anatomy and physiology from lecture notes.

What is the term for moving an arm medially towards the midline of the body?

Adduction.

What is it called when the arm is in a flexed position with the palm facing superiorly?

Supinate.

What tissue type is characterized by cells that line the inside or outside of an organ?

Epithelial.

What tissue subtype makes up the inside lining of the heart?

Simple squamous epithelium.

What tissue subtype is found lining the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and uterine tubes?

Simple columnar epithelium.

What tissue subtype is found in the kidney tubules and the thyroid gland?

Simple cuboidal epithelium.

What tissue subtype lines the nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi?

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

What muscle type has intercalated discs and functions in rhythmic contractions?

Cardiac muscle.

What muscle is found in the middle layer of blood vessels?

Smooth muscle.

What muscle type has striations and is multinucleated?

Skeletal muscle.

What is the name of the glial cells that protect the soma of a neuron in the peripheral nervous system?

Satellite cells.

What cells form the myelin sheath surrounding the axons of the central nervous system?

Oligodendrocytes.

What part of the neuron does the nerve impulse travel down?

Axon.

What type of matrix does loose connective tissue have in the body?

Fiber.

What category of connective tissues does cartilage belong to?

Supporting connective tissue.

What cell types sit within lacunae?

Osteocytes and chondrocytes.

What type of cartilage is found in the helix of the ear and the epiglottis?

Elastic cartilage.

What tissue subtype is the supporting framework for organs like the liver and spleen?

Reticular.

What is the anatomical region directly anterior to the olecranon?

Antecubitis.

Which superficial region is directly distal to the patella?

Crus.

What is the anatomical name for the big toe?

Hallux.

Which of the following regions is located in the thoracic area?

Mamma.

What is the vertical crease between the left and right gluteus?

Gluteal cleft.

What area is most superior in the posterior torso?

Glabella.

What is the region directly inferior to the columella nasi?

Philtrum.

Which region is the most lateral on the head?

Otic.

What is the anatomical name for the 'Adam's apple'?

Laryngeal prominence.

What anatomical region is directly inferior to the zygomatic?

Buccal.

The lungs are located in the ___.

Pleural cavity.

The gallbladder is located in the ___ cavity.

Abdominal cavity.

What abdominopelvic quadrant is the cecum located in?

Right lower quadrant.

What abdominopelvic region is the urinary bladder located in?

Hypogastric.

What abdominopelvic region is the right lobe of the liver located in?

Right hypochondriac.

What dissectional cut divides the body, organ, or tissue into anterior and posterior portions?

Frontal.

What is the term referring to different structures on opposite sides of the body?

Contralateral.