Anatomy 1

Anatomy one auburn university exam three

Create a sphincter; control material passage through an opening (orbicularis oris)

Circular muscles

Run parallel to muscles long axis. Higher endurance. Recuts abdomonis

Parallel muscles

Fascicles merge toward a common attachment site. Can pull in vertical directions but not as hard as parallel. Pectoralis major

Convergent muscles

Fascicles organized as if part of a larger thing.

Pennate muscle

Example of unipennate

Extensor digitorum

Example of bipennate

Recuts femoris

Example of multipennate

Deltoid

Circular muscle fibers surround orbit. Closes eye

Orbicularis oculi

Elevates upper eyelid

Elevator palpebrae superioris

Closes mouth puckers lips

Orbicularis oris

Pulls lower lip inferiorly

Depressor labii inferioris

Pulls corners of mouth inferiorly to frown

Depressor anguli oris

Pulls upper lip superiorly

Lavator labii superioris

Works with zygomaticus major and minor smiling. Pulls corner of mouth superiorly and laterally

Lavator anguli oris

Pulls corner of lip laterally

Risorius

Protrudes lower lip

Mentalis

Tenses skin of neck and pulls lower lip inferiorly

Platysma

Compresses cheek against teeth when chewing

Buccinator

Pulls eye medially

Medial rectus

Pulls eye laterally

Lateral rectus

Pulls eye inferiorly and medially

Inferior rectus

Pulls eye superiorly and medially

Superior rectus

Elevates and turns eye laterally

Inferior oblique

Depresses and turns eye laterally

Superior oblique

Elevates ribs during inspiration, expanding cavity.

External intercostals

Deep to external intercostals, fibers at right angles to external intercostals. Depresses ribs forced expiration

Internal intercostals

Depresses ribs during forced expiration

Transersus thoracic

Fibers directed inferomedially

External oblique

Fibers project superomedially

Internal oblique

Fibers project transversely

Traverse abdomonis

Fibers project vertically (enclosed within fibrous sleeve/ rectus sheath)

Rectus abdomonis

Deep to pectoralis major. Helps depress and protract scapula ; hunches shoulders

Pectoralis minor

Fan shaped muscle between ribs and scapula. Protracts stabilizes scapula

Serrates anterior

Extends from clavicle to first rib. Stabilizes and depresses scapula

Subcalvius

How many muscles cross the gelnohumeral joint and move the humerus

11

Prime arm extensor, also adducts and medially rotates arm

Latissimus Dorsi

Prime arm flexor, adducts and medially rotates arm

Pectoralis major

Extend and adduct arm

Triceps brachii

Flexing arm

Biceps brachii

Prime abductor, medially rotate arm, abduct arm, extend and laterally rotate arm

Deltoid

Flexes and adducts arm

Coracobrachialis

Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm

Teres major

Medially rotates arm

Subscapularis

Abducts arm

Supraspinatus

Adducts and laterally rotates arm

Infraspinatous, teres minor

Flexes and supinates forearm, weak flexor of humerus. Two headed muscle on anterior humerus

Biceps brachii

Deep to biceps brachii, most powerful flexor to forearm

Brachialis

Located on anterolateral forearm, synergist in elbow flexion

Brachioradialis

Large three headed muscle on posterior arm, major extensor of forearm, also helps extend humerus

Triceps brachii

Weak elbows extensor, crosses posteriorlateral region of elbow

Anconeus

Rotate the radius across the ulna to pronate forearm, located in anterior compartment of forearm

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

Supinated forearm , located in posterior compartment of forearm

Supinator

Extend the knee or flex the thigh

Anterior compartment of muscles (hip, joint, and thigh)

Adduct the thigh

Medial compartment muscles

Abducts the thigh

Lateral compartment muscle

Flex the knee and extend the thigh

Posterior compartment muscles

Flex hip joint

Papas major and iliacus

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Tensor fasciae

Adduct and flex the thigh

Adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, pectineus

Adducts extends and laterally rotates the thigh

Adductor magnus

Laterally rotates the thigh

Obturator externus

Chief extensor of the thigh. Laterally rotates the thigh

Gluteus Maximus

Deep to gluteus Maximus abduct and medially rotate the thigh

Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

Group of three muscles. Hamstrings. Extend the muscle also flex the knee

Biceps femoris, semimembranousus, semitendinosus

Composite muscle with four heads. Consists of rectus femoris , vastus lareralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Quadriceps femoris

Flexes and laterally rotates thigh; also flexes and medially rotates leg

Sartorious

Flexes the leg (as well as addicting the thigh)

Gracilis