Water and Electrolyte Balance in the Human Body

These flashcards cover important concepts related to water and electrolyte balance in the human body, focusing on functions, compartments, and physiological responses.

What are two examples of insensible water loss fluids?

Vapor from breath and skin.

What part of the body serves as the thermoregulatory center?

Hypothalamus.

Which organ filters the blood?

Kidney.

What should a hypertensive person decrease in their diet?

Sodium.

What can happen in large doses of water?

Water can be toxic.

What is an isotonic solution?

A solution with equal concentration of dissolved particles on either side of the membrane.

Where is blood plasma classified in terms of body water compartments?

Extracellular fluid.

What electrolyte drives osmolality in the blood?

Sodium.

What does a high level of sodium in the blood indicate?

A low volume of water in the blood.

What condition can result from over-consumption of water?

Hyponatremia.

What is one function of water in the human body?

Takes part in biochemical reactions.

If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, what happens to the water?

Water from the solution will flow out of the cell.

What is the largest compartment of body water?

Intracellular fluid.

What is another function of water in the human body?

Carries waste products from body cells.

What happened to waterborne illnesses after chlorination and disinfection?

They did not double in the United States.

What major solute is mostly found in lymph fluid?

Lipids.

Which hormone regulates water in the body?

Aldosterone.

What is the primary anion in extracellular fluid?

Chloride.

What will happen in heat stroke?

No sweat and dry skin.

Can the body obtain water from foods?

Yes, it can.