AP Statistics - Quantitative Graphs

Dot plot

A simple visual representation of data points along a number line, where each dot represents one instance of a value. Dot plots help to easily identify frequency and distribution of data.

Stem plots/back to back stem plots

A method of displaying quantitative data where each data point is split into a stem (leading digits) and a leaf (trailing digit). Back-to-back stem plots compare two sets of data, allowing for easy visualization of distributions.

Histogram

A graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data, where the data is divided into intervals (bins) and represented by the height of bars. Are useful for visualizing the shape, center, and spread of the data.

Unimodal

Describes a distribution with a single peak or mode, indicating that most data points cluster around one central value.

Bimodal

Describes a distribution with two distinct peaks or modes, indicating that the data points cluster around two different central values.

Uniform peaks

describe a distribution where all data points are evenly distributed across the range, resulting in a flat appearance without distinct peaks.

Skewed left

Describes a distribution where the tail on the left side is longer or fatter than the right side, indicating that most data points cluster towards the higher values.

Skewed right

Describes a distribution where the tail on the right side is longer or fatter than the left side, indicating that most data points cluster towards the lower values.

Symmetric distribution

is a bell-shaped distribution characterized by a symmetrical pattern where most of the data points cluster around the mean, with tails that extend equally on both sides.

Box plots

A graphical representation of data that displays the distribution's minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum, providing a visual summary of central tendency and variability.

Skew-ness in box plots

Refers to the asymmetry of the data distribution as indicated by the shape of the box plot. A box plot that is skewed right will have a longer tail on the right side, while a left-skewed plot will have a longer tail on the left side. If both tails are similar sizes, then it is centered.

5 number summary

A descriptive statistic that provides the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum of a dataset, highlighting the spread and center of the data.