AP World History Ch 24 Quiz

mr morales pls no more

mita system

system that required each native village to send one-seventh of its male population to work for four months in the silver mines at potosi

settler colony

places under european rule that displaced indigenous peoples in north americas for french, english, and dutch migrants

indentured labor

System of labor in which individuals sell a portion of their working lives in exchange for passage to a new country (e.g chronically unemployed people from europe traveling across the atlantic)

seven years’ war

a conflict between france, austria, and russia against britain and prussia over land dominance in north america and india

mulattoes

a person of Portuguese and African descent

encomineda

system in which Spanish (settlers) had the right to force the Taino people into working in fields or mines; justified because they “took care” of the workers by converting them into christianity

peninsulares

migrants who came from europe, particularly the iberian peninsula

potosi

place of large silver deposits in the andes that became a mining center during the spanish-colonial period

viceroy

spanish colonial officials appointed by the monarchy to govern New Spain (Mexico) during the colonial period; were responsible for enforcing spanish rule and implementing policies that benefited the crown.

james cook

british explorer and navigator who played a significant role in the exploration and mapping of australia. In 1770, he charted the eastern coastline of australia during his first voyage

tordesillas

The Treaty of _ divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands

francisco pizarro

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541)

hernan cortes

Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire

hacienda

Large estates or plantations with a dwelling house in the Latin American Spanish colonies that exploited indigenous labor

Malintzin or Dona Marina

Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast who played a role in the Spanish conquest of Mexico; served as a translator and advisor to hernan cortes

mestizo

A person of mixed indigenous and Spanish ancestry

manila galleons

Spanish trading ships that sailed once or twice per year across the Pacific Ocean from Mexico to the Philippines for trading purposes

disease OR guns, horses, steel, military knowledge

The most important factor in explaining the Spanish victory over the Aztecs and Incas

profitable sugar plantations on the brazillian coast

Why did the Portuguese began to show much more interest in Brazil?

viceroys

chief Spanish royal administrators in the Americas

audiencas (court composed of university-educated lawyers)

conducted reviews to check the power of viceroys

bureaucrats (had to implement royal policy and justice)

replaced the conquistadores in government after they conquered American lands

cash crop

The Spanish and Portuguese colonizers created _  economies (hint:2 words) that primarily grew one crop for the sole purpose of export and gaining wealth. These included sugar cane and tobacco.