Bio week 2

macromolecules also called

cholesterol and reproductive hormones in animals

macromolecules made out of units called?

monomers

macromolecules broken apart using?

hydrolysis reactions

monomers linked together using?

hydration reactions

4 types of macromolecules

nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids

lipids used in energy storage are

fats

lipid steroids

cholesterol and reproductive hormones in animals

lipid phospholipids

main component of biological membranes

phospholipids in water form

lipid bilayer

non-polar heads face

phospholipid

polar fatty acid tails face

eachother

nucleic acids are made of

nucleotides

nucleic acids include

DNA and RNA

proteins are made of

amino acids

carbohydrates are made of

monosaccharides

two monosaccharides link together to make

disaccharides

many monosaccharides link together to make

polysaccharides

H2O in a dehydration reaction

leaves equation and is a product

H2O in a hydrolysis reaction

is in equation and is reactant

covalent bond

Strong chemical bond due to the sharing of electrons, Bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a water
molecule

hydrogen bonds

Bonds between water molecules, Weak attraction between slightly charged parts of molecules,
which are readily broken and reformed

Ionic bonds

Bonds between partially charged molecules or portions of a
molecule, Electrons are transferred between two atoms creating positive and negatively charged atoms, which are then attracted to each other

The unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms within a water
molecule makes water a

polar molecule

able to dissolve other substances

solvent

dissolved in the solvent

solute