Lab Practicum 3

frontalis

raise eyebrows

orbicularis oculi

blinks and closes eyes

orbicularis oris

closes mouth, protrudes lips

temporalis

elevation and retraction of the mandible

zygomaticus

elevation of corners of mouth when smiling

masseter

elevation at the temporomandibular joint for chewing

platysma

tenses skin of neck

sternocleidomastoid

bilateral flexion of the neck; unilateral rotation of head to opposite side

external oblique

bilateral trunk flexion, unilateral flex and rotate the trunk to opposite side

internal oblique

bilateral trunk flexion, unilateral flex and rotate the trunk to the same side

rectus abdominis

trunk flexion

transversie abdonimis

compression of the abdomen

pectoralis major

shoulder adduction, internal rotation, and horizondal adduction

pectoralis minor

scapular protraction and downward rotation, stabilizes the scapula against thoracic wall

serratus anterior

scapular downward rotation (upper fibers), scapular protraction (middle fibers), scapular upward rotation (lower fibers)

external intercostals

elevation of ribs during inhalation

errector spinae

bilateral trunk extension and maintain posture, unilateral trunk flexion

iliocostalis

longissimus

spinalis

deltoid

shoulder flexion, extension, and abduction

trapezius

bilateral neck extension, unilateral scapular rotation, retraction, and elevation

latissimus dorsi

shoulder extension, adduction, and medial/internal rotation

levator scapulae

scapular elevation

rhomboids major and minor

scapular retraction and stabilizes scapula against thoracic cage

rotator cuff muscles

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

spuraspinatus

first 30 degrees of shoulder abduction

infraspinatus

shoulder external/lateral rotation

teres minor

shoulder external/lateral rotation

subscapularis

shoulder internal/medial rotation

teres major

shoulder extension, internal/medial rotation, and adduction

biceps brachii

elbow flexion, forearm supination

brachialis

elbow flexion, slight forearm pronation

brachioradialis

elbow flexion, slight wrist radial deviation

triceps brachii

elbow extension

flexors are found on the _____ side and extensors are found on the ____ side

anterior (front of forearm), posterior (back of forearm)

flexor carpi radialis

wrist flexion and radial deviation

flexor carpi ulnaris

wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

flexor digitorum superficialis

wrist flexion, flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints (2-5)

extensor carpi radialis

wrist extension and radial deviation

extensor carpi ulnaris

wrist extension and ulnar deviation

extensor digitorum

wrist extension and extension of the interphalangeal joints (2-5)

iliopsoas

hip flexion

sartorius

hip flexion, abduction, external rotation

gracilis

hip adduction, internal rotation, flexion

pectineus

hip adduction, internal rotation, flexion

adductor longus

hip adduction, internal rotation

adductor magnus

hip adduction, extension

rectus femoris

knee extension, hip flexion

vastus medialis

knee extension

vastus lateralis

knee extension

vastus intermedius

knee extension

gluteus maximus

hip extension, external rotation, abduction

gluteus medius

hip abduction, pelvic drop

biceps femoris

knee flexion, hip extension

semitendinosus

knee flexion, hip extension

semimembranosus

knee flexion, hip extension

tibialis anterior

ankle dorsiflexion, foot inversion

extensor digitorum longus

extension of toes 2-5, ankle dorsiflexion, foot eversion

fibularis longus

foot eversion, ankle plantarflexion

gastrocnemius

ankle plantarflexion, knee flexion

soleus

ankle plantarflexion

flexor digitorum longus

flexion of toes 2-5, ankle plantarflexion, foot inversion

ball and socket joints allow movement across which axis?

in 3 axis, sagittal, frontal, and transverse

eversion

inversion

extension

flexion

plantarflexion

dorsiflexion

fibrous joint

united by collagen fibers

synarthrosis

permits very little or no movement under normal conditions (sutures)

cartilaginous joint

united by cartilage (symphyses like in hip bones or spine)

synovial joint

unites two bones witha synovial membrane (hinge, pivot, planar/gliding, condyloid, sddle, ball and socket)

saddle joint

saddle shaped articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a saddle-shaped surface on another (ex articulation between carple bone and metacarpal)

pivot joint

bone with a rounded surface fits into ring formed by a ligament and another bone (atlantoaxial joint)

ball and socket joint

round head of one bone rests within cup-shaped depression in another bone (hip and shoulder)

origin

proximal attachment to bone

insertion

distal attachment to bone