addition reactions: alkane, alkene & alkyne

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8 Terms

1
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hydrogenation definition

hydrogen gas (H2) added across unsaturated bond to form alkane

2
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halogenation definition + notes

halogen gas (Cl2, Br2, I2) added across unsaturated bond to produce halogenated organic compound

alkene + halogen → halocarbon

*remember to incorporate molar ratios of the halogen

3
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halogenation catalyst

does not require catalyst and performed at room temperature as halogens are very reactive

4
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hydrogenation catalyst

metal catalyst required:

  • alkyne/alkene → alkane requires nickel

  • alkyne → alkene requires a lindler catalyst (Pd/C, Pb additives)

5
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hydrohalogenation definition

hydrogen halide (gas) added across unsaturated bond to produce halogenated organic compound

6
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hydrohalogenation catalyst

generally does not require one

7
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hydration definition

addition reaction where water is added across the double bond of an alkene to form an alcohol

8
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hydration catalyst

dilute mineral acid catalyst (eg. H2SO4) and heat