CH.16 VOCAB HISTORY EXAM

Maginot Line

massive fortifications built by France along its German border

Kellogg-Briand Pact

an agreement to renounce war as an instrument of national policy

disarmament

the reduction of armed forces and weapons

Great Depression

a time of global economic collapse

New Deal

a massive package of economic and social programs introduced by FDR

Benito Mussolini

Fascist leader of Italy

Black Shirts

Fascist party militants

totalitarian state

a one-party dictatorship that regulates every aspect of the lives of its citizens

fascism

any centralized, authoritarian government that is not communist whose policies glorify the state over the individual and are destructive to basic human rights

Joseph Stalin

totalitarian ruler of the USSR after Lenin; used ruthless methods to control the bureaucracy, the economy, and all of society

command economy

an economy in which government officials make all basic economic decisions

collectives

large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group

russification

making a nationality's culture more Russian

Comintern

a communist group whose purpose was to encourage worldwide revolution

Ruhr Valley

a coal-rich valley where German workers protested French occupation

Third Reich

official name of the Nazi party for its regime in Germany; held power from 1933 to 1945

Gestapo

Hitler's secret police

Nuremberg Laws

laws designed by Hitler to deprive Jews of German citizenship by placing severe restrictions on them