Pelvis Muscles

Raphe of penis and perineal body

Where does the male bulbospongiosus muscle orginate?

Surrounds bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum

Where does the male bulbospongiosus muscle run (course and distribution)?

Deep branch of perineal nerve (S2-S4)

What is the male bulbospongiosus muscle innervated by?

S2-S4 (perineal nerve is branch of pudendal nerve)

What spinal levels innervate the male bulbospongiosus muscle?

1. Compress bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum to help empty urine or semen from spongy urethra and to push blood from root into body of penis during erection

2. Compresses veins of penis to prevent venous outflow of blood from erectile tissue during erection

What is/are the action(s) of the male bulbospongiosus muscle?

Ischiopubic ramus

What is the origin of the male ischiocavernous muscle?

Surrounds crura and corpora cavernosa of penis

Where does the male ischiocavernous muscle run (course and distribution)?

Deep branch of perineal nerve (S2-S4)

What is the male ischiocavernous muscle innervated by?

S2-S4 (deep branch of perineal nerve)

What spinal level(s) innervate the male ischiocavernous muscle?

1. Compress crura and corpora cavernosa to push blood from root into body of penis during erection

2. Compress veins of penis to prevent venous outflow of blood from erectile tissue during erection

What is/are the action(s) of the male ischiocavernous muscle?

Perineal body

What is the origin of the female bulbospongiosus muscle?

Surrounds bulb of vestibule

Where does the female bulbospongiosus muscle run (course and distribution)?

Deep branch of perineal nerve (S2-S4)

What innervates the female bulbospongiosus muscle?

S2-S4 (deep branch of perineal nerve)

What spinal level(s) innervate the female bulbospongiosus muscle?

1. Compress bulbs of vestibule to constrict vaginal vestibule

2. Compress veins of bulbs to prevent venous outflow of blood from erectile tissue during erection

What is/are the action(s) of the female bulbospongiosus muscle?

Ischiopubic ramus

What is the origin of the female ischiocavernous muscle?

Surrounds crura and corpora cavernosa of clitoris

Where does the female ischiocavernous muscle run (course and distribution)?

Deep branch of perineal nerve (S2-S4)

What innervates the female ischiocavernous muscle?

S2-S4 (deep branch of perineal nerve)

What spinal level(s) innervate the female ischiocavernous muscle?

1. Compress crura and corpora cavernosa to push blood from root into body of clitoris during erection

2. Compress veins of clitoris to prevent venous outflow of blood from erectile tissue during erection

What is/are the action(s) of the female ischiocavernous muscle?

Ischiopubic ramus

What is the origin of the superficial transverse perineal muscle in both males and females?

Inserts in perineal body

Where does the superficial transverse perineal muscle run?

Deep branch of perineal nerve (S2-S4)

What is the superficial transverse perineal muscle innervated by?

S2-S4 (deep branch of perineal nerve)

What spinal level(s) innervate the superficial transverse perineal muscle?

Stabilize perineal body

What is/are the action(s) of the superficial transverse perineal muscle?

Puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus

What muscles make up levator ani?

Puborectalis

What muscle serves as a U-shaped ring passing around the rectum?

Posterior surface of pubic bodies

What are the attachments of puborectalis?

Help maintain fecal continence

What is/are the action(s) of puborectalis?

Nerve to levator ani (S4), inferior rectal nerve (S2-S4), and coccygeal plexus (S4-Co)

What is/are the innervations of puborectalis?

S2-Co (S2-S4 inferior rectal nerve, S4 nerve to levator ani, S4-Co coccygeal plexus)

What spinal level(s) innervate puborectalis?

Support pelvic viscera and resist increase in intra-abdominal pressure

What is/are the action(s) of pubococcygeus?

Nerve to levator ani (S4), inferior rectal nerve (S2-S4), and coccygeal plexus (S4-Co)

What is/are the innervations of pubococcygeus?

S2-Co (S2-S4 inferior rectal nerve, S4 nerve to levator ani, S4-Co coccygeal plexus)

What spinal level(s) innervate pubococcygeus?

Support pelvic viscera and resist increases in intra-abdominal pressure

What is/are the action(s) of iliococcygeus?

Nerve to levator ani (S4), inferior rectal nerve (S2-S4), and coccygeal plexus (S4-Co)

What is/are the innervation(s) of iliococcygeus?

S2-Co (S2-S4 inferior rectal nerve, S4 nerve to levator ani, S4-Co coccygeal plexus)

What spinal level(s) innervate iliococcygeus?

Support pelvic viscera and resist increases in intra-abdominal pressure

What is/are the action(s) of coccygeus?

S4 and S5 anterior rami

What is/are the innervation(s) of coccygeus?

Anterior rami of S1 and S2

What is/are the innervation(s) of piriformis?

Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S2)

What is/are the innervation(s) of obturator internus?

L5-S2 (nerve to obturator internus)

What spinal level(s) innervate obturator internus?