Grade 9 Chemistry

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170 Terms

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Physical property

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

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Chemical property

A property that involves the ability of a substance to react with other material to form a new substance

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mixture

A combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined.

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mechanical mixture

a substances made of more than one kind of particle in which the particles are not uniformly scattered and are visible (you can see more than one substance); it is heterogeneous

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solution

A mixture that forms when one or more substances dissolve in another; it is homogeneous

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pure substance

substance made of one type of particle

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element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

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compound

A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined

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colloid

A heterogeneous mixture whose particles are in suspension and never settle down

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suspension

A heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time

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atom

Basic unit of matter.

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Nucleus

the centre of the atom; it contains neutrons and protons

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Proton

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

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Electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge... almost no mass, orbits nucleus

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Neutron

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

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Dalton's Atomic Theory

1) elements are composed of atoms. 2) atoms of same element are identical, but differ from other elements. 3) elements can mix together 4) atoms only change when mixed with other elementsterm-95

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Law of conservation of mass

In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants are always equal to the mass of the products. Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change.

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Law of Definite Composition

Chemical compounds are composed of a fixed ratio of elements as determined by mass.

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Particle Model of Matter

model that explains the behaviour of solids, liquids, and gases; it states that all matter is made up of tiny moving particles that attract each other and have spaces between them

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John Dalton

English chemist and physicist who formulated atomic theory and the law of partial pressures

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JJ Thomson

used the cathode ray tube to discover electrons and plum pudding model of atom

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Ernest Rutherford

solar system model of the atom, gold foil experiment- fired negative ions at thin sheet of gold foil, discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom .

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Niels Bohr

discovered that electrons move around the nucleus in orbits called electron shells.

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qualitative property

a property of a substance that is not measured and does not have a numerical value, such as colour, odour, and texture

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quantitative property

a property of a substance that is measured and has a numerical value, such as temperature, height, and mass

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Physical change

A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance.

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Chemical change

A change in matter that produces one or more new substances

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matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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Molecule

A group of atoms bonded together

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solubility

the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure; expressed in terms of the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent

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lustre

shininess or dullness

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malleability

Capable of being shaped without being damaged

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ductility

Ability to be stretched or pulled into a wire without breaking

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heterogeneous

not uniform throughout

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homogeneous

Describes something that has uniform structure

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Physical property

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Chemical property

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Physical change

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Chemical change

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matter

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mixture

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mechanical mixture

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solution

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pure substance

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element

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compound

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colloid

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suspension

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atom

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solubility

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lustre

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malleability

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ductility

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heterogeneous

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homogeneous

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WHMIS

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WHMIS

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

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Corrosive

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Explosive

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Compressed gas

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Health hazard

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Harmful or Fatal

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Flammable

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Oxydizing

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Harmful

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Harmful to the Environment

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Biohazardous infectious material

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Combustion

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Corrosion

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Exothermic

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Endothermic

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Reactants

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Products

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Catalyst

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Inhibitor

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Nucleus

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Proton

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Electron

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Neutron

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Ion

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Ionic charge

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Group

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Family

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Periods

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Alkaline earth metals

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Alkali metals

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Halogens

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Noble gas/Inert gas

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Alloy

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Energy levels

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electron orbits

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Valence electrons

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Ionic compound

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Molecular compound

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Chemical equation

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Chemical formula

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Metal

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Metalloid

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Non metal

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Ionic bond