yoga

Anatomical Position

the erect position of the body with the face directed forward

Flexion

the action of the condition of being bent

Extension

a movement that increases the angle between two body parts

Abduction

moves the limb laterally away from the midline of the body

Adduction

brings the limb toward the body or across the midline

Anterior

front side or in front of

Posterior

back side or in the back of

External rotation

turning the anterior surface outward.

Internal rotation

turning the anterior surface inward

Proximal

nearer to the center and/or trunk of the body; or nearer to the point of attachment to the body (root of the limb)

Distal

further from the root of the limb or the center of the body.

Circumduction

combination of flexion

Hyperextension

excessive movement or positioning in the direction of an extension

Rotation

twisting movement produced by the summation of small rotational movements

Elevation

the upward movement of the scapula and shoulder; lifting the shoulder blades up towards the ear

Depression

downward movement of the scapula and shoulder; lowering the shoulder blades towards the waist

Downward Rotation

consists of movement of the scapula as the arms are lowered

Superior

above/towards the head

Inferior

below/towards the feet

Plantar-flexion

lifting the heel of the foot from the ground; pointing the toes downward

Dorsiflexion

lifting the front of the foot

Sagittal plane

vertical plane dividing the body into right and left portions

Median/midsagittal plane

vertical plane dividing the body into equal right and left portions; called also median plane

Coronal/frontal plane

vertical plane dividing the body into front and back portions

Transverse plane

horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions

Supine

lying on the back of the body with the face upward

Prone

lying on the front of the body with the face downward

Lateral

to the side of

Medial

closer to the median plane

Lateral Flexion

side bending of the trunk to the right or the left

Pronation

rotation of the forearm and hands so that the palm faces downwards or backwards

Supination

rotation of the forearm and hands so that the palm faces upwards or forwards

Inhalation

diaphragm lowers during contraction enlarging the thoracic cavity

Exhalation

diaphragm relaxes causing a decrease in the volume of the thoracic cavity

Intercostal/Lateral Breathing

mode of breathing to facilitate and maintain abdominal contractions while performing exercises