Section 1.1 Nutrition Basics and Terminology

Highlighted Imported Portions

Diet

The kind and amount of food consumed each day

Food

Anything that nourishes the body

Essential

The body cannot make these nutrients, they must be consumed. Without an intake, specific deficiency signs and symptom occur

Nonessential

The body can make these nutrients. Without an intake, nutritional deficiency signs and symptoms do not occur.

The 6 Nutrients

Water, Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals

Energy-Producing Nutrients (Macronutrients)

Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins

Provide Calories

Essential Non-Energy-Producing-Nutrients

Are non-caloric

Vitamins and Minerals (Micronutrients)

Water

Calories Amount

Carbohydrates are 4 calories per grams

Proteins are 4 calories per gram

Alcohol are 7 calories per gram

Fats are 9 calories per gram

ATP-Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

The ultimate fuel used in the body is a chemical called

Carbohydrates

The high performance fuel

Fast and best at making ATP

Proteins

The building blocks for growth and repair

Dietary Moderation

The diet does not contain an excess of unwanted

Health

The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being; not just the absence of infirmity

Exercise

Strive for 60 minutes of exercise each day

Satiety

The physiological feedback mechanism that terminate food intake