cancer immunology

TAA

Tumor associated Antigen

TILs

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

TILS are a marker of

good prognosis

Does the immune system control cancer

Yes

What is the most powerful TAA

Neoantigens

what is a neoantigen

antigen derived from genes mutated by cancer

How does cancer happen if the I/S can detect cancer

The cancer is initially partially eliminated but over the course of years to decades 2. the tumor cells reach equilibrium and grows but is controlled. 3. hoever the tumor eventually escapes immune control

What are the 2 cytotoxic effector cells

NK and CD8+ T-cells

What happens when a T-cell recognizes a virus infected cell

1. T-cell kills cell

2. T-cell makes pro-inflammatory cytokines

3. T-cell expresses an immune checkpoint molecule to inhibit the T-cell and self-limit the immune response

antibody based immunotherapy

put antibodies in a patient

Explain the steps of the T-cell checpoint

1. T-cell kills cell

2. releases IFN-Gamma

3. Upregulates the PD1 receptor on the T-Cell

4. Mves onto next cell

5. T-cell is now inhibited when moves onto next tumor cell

CAR

Chimeric antigen receptor (t-cells)