Bio quiz 11.1 + 11.2

Ecology

Study of how living things interact with their environment and each other

Abiotic

Non living factors

Biotic

Living factors

Ecosystem

Single unit of nature, includes all factors

Niche

Role of species in environment

Habitat

Physical environment a species adapted too

Competitive exclusion principle

2 different species can not occupy the same niche

Ecosystems need

Energy

Autotrophs(producers)

Produce food for themselves and others

Heterotrophs(consumers)

Depend on others for food

Herbivore

Consume producers

Carnivores

Consume animals

Omnivore

Consume plants and animals

Decomposer

Break down remains and waste

Scavengers

Consume tissues of dead animals

Food chains

Single pathway of energy through ecosystem

Trophic level

Feeding position in food chain/web

Food web

Múltiple pathways of energy flow

1st trophic level

Makes own food

2nd level

Consumes producers

3rd level

Consumes primary consumers

4th level

Consumes secondary consumers

Biomass

Total mass of organisms at a trophic level

Organic compounds

Proteins,lipids,nucleic acids and carbs make up cells

Cellular respiration releases

Carbon dioxide

Carbon is released when

Organisms decompose

Photosynthesis

Removes carbon dioxide from atmosphere

Carbon may

Be stored in sedimentary rock for millions of years

Warm ocean waters release

Carbon

Runoff, rivers and streams

Dissolve carbon in rocks

Nitrogen makes up

78% of earth’s atmosphere

Nitrogen is used in

Proteins,dna,chlorophyll

Nitrogen fixation

Gas to nitrates

N fixing bacteria is in

The soil

Atmospheric nitrogen

N2

Ammonium

NH4+

Nitrates and nitrites

NO3-, NO2-

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

From atmosphere to biosphere

Denitrifying bacteria

From biosphere to atmosphere

Legumes roots

Example of nitrogen cycle