Anatomy Lab 1 practical.

Broken up by action and Nerve connection

where can you find each vertebrae? cervical, thoratic, Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx

look at the diagram 

What are some of the general featers of the vertibrae

• lamina

  • portion of the arch between the transverse process and the spinous process

  • p

• pedicle

  • portion of the vertebral arch extending posteriorly from the body

• spinous process

  • the tip at the top

• transverse process

  • Transverse proess. there are two and sticks out

• Vertebral formen

  • the little part in the centrer where the spinal nerves go

• Vertebral Arch

  • the connection the arch part in the center

• the body

Describe the components of the C1- Atlas. What makes it unique?

• has no true body

  • no hard part in the center for support

• Transvere formen

  • place where the arteries goes to the head (two sides)

• inferior Articular

  • located inferiorily and are less concave (on the other side

• Facet for odontoid process

  • The flat ridge in the front. slight bump 

• Superior articular surface 

  • The divivit on the side (both sides

C1 and c 2 are used for pivoting 

• note that thepivod section of C2 (ridge is closeted to the anteiror side (the facet for ontoind process

C2 - Axis

Ontoid process (Dens)

• where the pivot point 

Supeiror articular surface

• The top flat part (on both sides

Inferior articular surface

• bottom flat part posterior 

bifid spinous process

• The bumpy portion in the back posteiror)

Cervical Vertebrae (C2-C7). How can you identify it vs the thoractic and lumbar.

Transverse forament 

• holes on the side for the artieres to the brain. posterior sectio

Transverse process

• the little divit on the side next to the transverse forament

Pedicle 

• the joining section beween the body and the forament

Lamina

• the little thin area on the sides next to the articular surfaces

Bifid spinous proess

• space at the posterior of the vertibrae

supirior articular surface

• fat area at the side top portion

inferior articular surface

• flat area at the side bottom portion ( you can tell inferior if the binfid spinous process is at the top) (posteriro

vertebral forament

• the hole in the center

you can tell because it has the holes 

Thoractic vertebrae? Describe the anatomical structure. how can you tell whats waht? whats special about the lateral view

• note that to tell it looks like a young moose 

posterior = with the pointy part facing backwards out your spine

Superior articular surface (faces posteriorly)-

• flat ridged bumps above the pointy parts

inferior articular surface

• the inner part of the bumps facing the hollow shell of the vertebrae

pedicle

• cercumferance area by the body

Transverse process

• transverse process = the horned areas on two sides

spinous process

• the most posterior part jutting out

Vertebral foramen 

• the hollow center

Lateral view: where the ribs connect

• by the body you have two facetts for the head of the rib

• on the transverse processes = facet for tubercle of rib

Lumbar vertabrae (what are its components and how do you identify it from the rest

Superior articular surface

• faces medially close to the spinous process (facing)

Inferior articular surface

• faces laterally (sideways) away from the spinous process on the bottom

Pedice

• rounded ara by the vertebral foramen

Transverse process

• the most lateral horned areas 

Lamina

• he cercumferance combining the spinous process and the articular surfaces 

Pinous process

• the most posteiror/ jutted part

Vertabral foramen

• the hole in the center for the spinal nerves

hint: looks like an elephant

pointy part is the posterior 

What are these muscles. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Trapezius

origin

• occipital proturberance

• ligament nuchae

• spinous process fo c7-t12

insertation

• upper- lateral calvical

• middle - spine of scapula

• lower fivers - root of the spine scapula

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Rhomboid minor

origin

• spinous process of C7-t1

insertation

• root of spine of sclpula

What is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Romboid Major

Origin

• Spinous process of T2 -T5

Insertation

• vertebral border of scapula inferior to root of spine

what is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

levator scapulae

Origin

• Transeres process of C1-C4

Insertation

• Vertebral border of scapula superiror to root of spine

What is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

latissimus Dorsi

Origin:

• Spinous process of T7-T12

• lower ribs

• Thoracolumbar aponeurosis

• iliac Crest

Insertation

• Bicipital Groove of humerous

what is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

serratuss Posterior supeiror

Origin

• Ligamentum nuchae

• Spinous process of C7-T3

Inseration

• supeiror border of ribs 2-4

What is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Serattus postierior inferior 

Origin

• Spinous process of T11-L2

Inseration

• Inferior border of ribs 9-12

what is this muslce. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• illiocostalis 

Origin

• Posterior ribs

• Thoracolumbar aponeurosis

• iliac crest

• sacrum

Inseration

• Trasnverse process of cervical vertebrae

• Posterior ribs

Action 

what is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Longissiumus

Origin

• Transverse process of cervial ant thoractic vertibrea

• Thoracolumbar aponeurosis

• liac crest

• sacrum

Insertion

• mastoid process

• transverse process of cervical and thoractic vertibrea

Action

What is this muscle. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

spinalis (notes runs along the spineal area).

Origin

• ligamentum nuchae

• spinous process of cervical thoractic and lumbar vertibrea

Insertion

• occipital bone

• spinous process of cervical and thoractic verterael column

What is this muscle:What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• rectus capulus posterior minor

Origin

• posterior tubercel of the atlas

Insertion

• occipital bone

What is this muscle: What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

rectus capitus posterior major

Origi

• spinous process of axis

Insertion

• extension of the atlano-occuoutak hiubt

• ipsilateral rotation of the atlano-axial joint

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

obliquus capitus superior

Origin

• transverse process of atlas

insertion

• occipital bone

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Obliquus capitus inferior

Origin

• supeiror process of the axis

Insertion

• transverse rocess of teh atlas

What is this muscle: What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

splenius capitus

Origin

• spinous process fro c7-t3

• ligamentumm nuchae

insretion

• occipital bone

• mastoid process

Describe the Tansverese process. What muscles attach to it and how does it differ per spinal segment 

the most lateral part of the vertibrae (all sections)

• connects the levator scapulae from (C1-c4)

• illiocostallis ( found also on the cervical spine)

• longissimus (cerviacal s pine and thorastic spine)

Describe the cross section of the spinal cord. What is found in each section and what are thier oriontations Posteriorally and anteriorally.

Where is the gray matter and white matter

where are the seonsory neurons

where are the motor nearons

where is the interneuron

where is the root (dorsal root ganglion

what is /are the rami

what innervates the back and limbs

where is the ventral root

where are the horns

Where is the gray matter and white matter

• gray matter is in the center of the spinal bone

• white matter is in the exterior

where are the seonsory neurons

• sensory neurosn are found posteriorally being sent towards the spinal cord. uses interneurosn to spee d up the responses

where are the motor nearons

• motor neurons are on the antirorside going outside the spinal cord

where is the interneuron

• used to speed up conections between sensory neurons

where is the root (dorsal root ganglion

• found posteiroally that sends informatio nback to the spinal cord (Afferent)

what is /are the rami

• theere are two rami. the anterior rami = efferent (movement

• posterior rami sends information back 

  • the sensory and motor neurons connect and spread out at this point

what innervates the back and limbs

• the motor neurons innervates the limbs (anterior)

• back and stuff (posteiror 

where is the ventral root

• sconnected to the anteiro side with the motor neurons

where are the horns

• hors face anteriorally in the spinal cord

What is this muscel. What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• perctoralis. major

Origin

• clavicular head- medial clavicle

• sternal head- seternum and costal cartilatges of superior ribs

Insertion

• lateral bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Pectoralis minor

Origin

• anteiror surcface of ribs 3-5

insertion

• coracoid process of scapula

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• serratus Anteiror

Origin

• lateral surface of superior ribs

Insertion

• meidal (vertebral) border of scapula

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• subclavius

Origin

• costal cartilage of rib 1

insertion

• inferior border of calvicle

What is this muscle: What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• scalenes

origin

• transverse process of cervical vertebrae

insertion

• ribs one and two

• 

  erves

What is this muslcle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Sternoceiomastoid

Origin

• Sternal head- manubrium

• Clavicular head - medial clavicle

insertion

• mastoid rocess

What is this muscle: What is its origin and insertion

• platysma

origin

• fascia over upper chest

insertion

• mandible

What is this muscle: What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

External Intercostals (ex to sex—- serrations face downard towards your plevice)

Origin

• inferior margin of rib aboce

insertion

0 superior margin of rib below

What is this muscle: What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

internal intercostalas

• note that the muscles face upwards towards our chin in a serrated mannor

Origin

• superiro margin of rib below

INsertion

• inferior margin of rib above

What are the different components of this bone. What is the name of this bone? what view is ti in 

• The clavicle 

The acromial end

• the more flat ide (cant be seein in this section but is flat like a soon

The sternal end

• connects to your sternum… slightly rounded (more medial)

The conoid tubercle

• found inferiorly

• its in a supperior view

How many ribs do you have, what are the different types and their numbrs.

• just look at this image ig 

What are teh different portions of this bone? what bone is it?

Costal extremety

body/shaft

costal angle

tubercle

neck

head

What are the distinct parts of the head of the ribs

• The costal grouve

  • -only seein inffeiorly

• Thear articular facet of the tubercle

superior facet of the head

inferior facet of the head

What bone is being highlighted and what are teh different parts

• the sternum… look at the image for the parts

• - what are the costal facets

  • whrere the ridge attaches

• juglar notch

• clavicular notch

What are the components of the cross-section of axilla. Where is the lateral cord, axillary artery, posterior cord, humerous, scapula, subscapulaus, serratis anterior, ribs, auxillary ein, axillary sheath, pec minor, medial cord, anterior axillary fold- pec major, posterior axillary fold- lats and teres major

• note the arteries are protecte

The scapula side is the posterior side

Draw out the brachial plexus. C5 to T1. what are the trunsk, what are the cords, what are the different nerves, where is the m sections, which nerves are which (prayers girl). Which nerves are connected and which are individual . where are the arteries

• prayers girl 

Pre trunk Nerves

• dorsal scapular nerves

  • c5

• long thoratic nerve

  • c5-c8 past t1

Trunks

• superior trunk

  • suprascapular nerve nerves (c5-c6)

  • supra scapularis (c5-c6)

• middle trunk

  • C7

• inferior trunk

  • C8-T1

Cords

• lateral cord (innervates the anterior/ flexors of the arm and head) +picks up C7

  • c5-c7

    • runs straight to m portion

• Posterior cord (innervates posteiror/extensor part of hte arms and head amd shoulders)

  • c5-t1 Innervates all nerves

    • Upper scapular nerves

      • c5-c6

    • theacrodorsal

      • c6-c8

    • lower scapular nerves

      • c5-c6

    • breaks of into two

      • auxiliary

        • C5-C6

      • Radial nerve

        • all nerves

• Medial cord (flexors in the hand and arm)

  • c8-t1

    • medial pectoral

      • c8-t1

    • medial brachial cutanious nerves

      • c8-t1

    • medial antibrachial cutanious nerves

      • c8-t1

End cords

• Lateral pectoral nerves (just before the m)

  • c5-c7

• M section

  • musculocutanious

    • c5-c7

  • median

    • all nerves

  • ulnar

    • c8-t1

What are the different boarders and angles of athe scapula

Superior vorder

Lateral angle

• attaches to humerous

Superior angle

Lateral vordder

• axillery border

medial border

• vertebral border

Waht are the different components of the posterior angle of the scapula

Acromion process

• the top of the ridge

Spine

• the long flat part 

Supraspinous Fossa

• the flat part above the spine

Infraspoinous Fossa

• the flat triangular section inferior to spine

Glenoid fossa

• the depressio nwehre the head of the humerous goes

Components of the scupula (anterior view). how do we know its anterior

we know its anteiorr ecause the processes stick out

• Suprascapular notch (allows way for suprascapular nerve to pass through

  • triagngual knotch on the top

• Acromion process

  • shoulder connection

• Corocoid process

• Subscapular fosa

What are the comonents of the lateral view of teh scapula

-Acromion oprocess

• where teh scapula meets

Supraglenoid tubercle

• protection of the superior segment

Glenoid fossa

Corocoid process

INFFRAGLENOID TUBERCLE

• the litle rige/ origin point for msucle

What are the parts of the humerus. which side is anterior and which is posterior 

• posteriror side has the deep rivit in in the most distal portion

  • you can see the radial grove in the poserior 

What are the different parts of. the humerous

Anterior

• head

• anatomical neck

• spiral grouve in the miiddle holds the radial nerve)

  • the little divit in the middle of the shaft

• the shaft

• deltoid tubersity

  • insertion poitn for the delts (look at the bump)

posterior 

• has the radial groove 

What are the arts of the Proximal humerous anteriorly and posteriorly

Anterior view

• greater tubercle

• leser tubercle

• intertublear suclus Groove

Posterior view

• anatomical neck

• surgical neck 

What are the different parts of the distal humerous posaterior and anterior

anterior view

• cornicouid fossa

• Radial fossa 

• Capitulum

• Trochlea

poterior view

• lateral epicondyle

• olecranon fossa

• medial epicondyle 

What muscle is this? What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• short head of bicepts brachii

• long head of biceps brachii

Origin

• short head- coracoid process

• long head- supralenoid tubercle

Insertion

• tendon- radial tuberosity

• bicept aponeurosis- antebrachilal fascia medial side)

What i this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Coracobrachialis

Origin

• coracoid process

Insertion

• middle of medial humerous

What is this muscle What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Brachialis 

Origin

• distal anterior humrous

Inserition

• ulnar tuberosity

• coroid process

nerve

What musclees are these?What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• long head of tricepts brachii

• lateral head

• medial head

Origin

• Long head

  • infraglenoid tubercle

• Lateral head

  • posterior humerous bove spiral grove

• Medial head

  • posteiors humerous below siral groube

Inserition

• oleranon process

What muscle is thisWhat is its origin. Where does it inserts.

• supraspinatus

Origin

• supraspinous fossa

Inserition

• superiro greater tubercle

What muscle is this? What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

infraspinatus

Origin

• infraspinous fossa

Inserition

• middle greater tubercle

What muscle is this What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Teres minor

Origin

• superior axillary border

Inserition

• inferiro greater tubercle

What muscles are these. which isde is posteiror and anteiror What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Middle deltoid, anteiroor deltod, posterior deldoid

ORIGIN

- Anterior deltoid – Lateral clavicle

 - Middle deltoid – Acromion

- Posterior deltoid- Spine of scapula Insertion

insertion

• deltoid tuberosity

What muscle is this What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

teres major

Origin

• inferior angle of scapula

• inferor axillary border of scapula

Inserition

• medial bicepital grove

What muscle is this What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

Brachiordaialis

Origin

• supracondalr ridge of humerous

Inserition

• styloid process of radius

Draw out the cross section of the brachium. Whats in the posterior? Whats in the anteiror? what do they innervate? what are the major nerves and arteries

look at diagram

What are the quadrangular and triangular anatomical spaces of the arm. What is found there? what muscles make up this space? what nerves and artieeres and what. makes it special? what muscles. make up the triangular spcace directly

Draw out the diagram for blood supply thorughg the wrist.  What are the different sections (A1-3), What are the major artieres. Where are they found and where do they branch off to? what are the trunks? where do they connect to 

goes from a1-a3

ends atht the wrist

What are the terminal branches through the arm. the different nerves and all that crap 

the M cord

• extension of the lateral cord posterior cord(found behind the artery) and and medial cord

Medial cord

• Ulnar Nerve 

Posterior cord

• holds the radial nerve

laterna nerve

• musculcutaneous nerve

What muscle is this; What is its origin. Where does it inserts.

subscapularis

Origin

• subscapular fossa

Inserition

• lesser tubercle

What does the Spinal accessory nerve innervate

The trapezius

What muscles are in control of these actions of  of the scapula:

1. elevation

2. upward rotation

3. Downward rotation

4. retraction

5. depression

6. protraction

7. holding to thoratic wall

1. elevation

   1. Upper fibers of the trapezius

   2. Levator Scapulae

2. upward rotation

   1. Lower fivers of the scapula

   2. upper fibers of the trapezius

   3. Serratus Anterior

3. retraction

   1. middle fibers of the trapeizus

   2. Rhomboid Minor

   3. Rhomboid Major

4. depression

   1. lower fibers of the trapezius

   2. Pectoralis Minor:

5. Downward rotation

   1. Rhomboid minor

   2. Rhomboid Major

   3. Levator Scapula 

   4. Pectoralis Minor:

6. protraction

   1. Pectoralis Minor:

   2. Srratus Anteior

7. Holding

   1. Serratus Anterior

What is innervated by the Dorsal scapular nerve

• rhomboid Minor

• Rhomboid Major 

• Levator scapulae. 

What muscles are in control of these actions of the shoulder

1. Extension

2. Addiction

3. Abduction

4. Internal rotation

5. external rotation

6. Horizontal adduction of the shoululder

7. flexion

Extension

1. Latissimmus dorsi

2. Pectoralis major (sternal end)

3. long head of the triceps brachii

4. posteior deltoid

5. teres major

Flexion

• pectoralis Major (clavicular head)

• bicepts brachii (short head 

• Coracobrachialis

• anterior deltoid

Adduction

2. Latissimus dorsi 

3. Pectoralis Major (whole) (regular and horizontal)

4. coracoibrachiallis

5. teres major

Abduction

• Latissimus dorsi

• supraspinatus 

• middle dletoid

Internal rotation

• latissimus dorsi

• Pectoralis Major

• anterior deltoi

• teres major

external rotation

• infraspinatus

• Teres minor

• posteiror deltoid

horrizontal Adduction of the shoulder

• Anterior deltoid

horizontal abduction of the shoulder

• posteiror deltoid

What is innervated by the Thoracodorsal nerve

• the Lats

What do these innervate: the intercostal nerves T1-T4

The serratus Posterior Superior

What muscles are responsible for the movement of the ribs:

Elevation

Depression

Elevation

• Serratus Posterior Superior

• Scalenes (ribs 1 and 2)

• external intercostalis (inspriaition)

Depression

• Serratus Posterior Inferior

• internal intercostal (expiration)

What do these innervate: the intercostal nerves T9-T12

Serratus posterior inferior

What do these innervate: posteiror rami of spinal nerves

• Iliocostalis

• longissimus

• spinalis

What msucles are responsible for the movements of ther vertebral column:

Extension

Lateral flexion

Extension

• iliocostalis

• longissimus

• spinalis

Lateral flexion

• iliocostalis

• longissimus

• spinalis

What msucles are responsible for the movlements of the atlanto-axial joint:

Extension

ipsilateral rotation

Lateral flexion

Extension

• Rectus Capitus Posterior Major

• Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor

• Obliquus Caitus Superior

Ipsilateral Rotation

• rectus Capitus Posteior Major

• Obliquus Capitus Inferior

Lateral Flexion

• Obliquus Capitus Superior 

What is innervated by the posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

• Rectus Capitus Posterior Major

• Rectus Capitus posterior Minor

• Obliquus Capitus Superior 

• Obliquus Capitus Inferior

What muscles are innervated by the Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2-3

• Splenius Capitus

What muscles are responsible for the movements fo the head:

Extension

Lateral Flexion

Extension

• Splenius Capitus

Lateral Flexion

• splenius Capitus

Which muscles does this nerve innervate: lateral pectoral nerves

medial pectoral nerves

Lateral

• clavicular head of pecs major

Medial

• Clavicular head of pecs major

• Sternal head of pecs major

• pecs minor

What muscles does this innervate:

long thoratic nerve

the serratus Anterior

What muscle does this innervate:

Nerve to subclavius. What does the muscle do

• subclavius

stablizes the clavivle

What muscles do this action:

Flexion of the cervical vertabrae

Lateral flexion ofthe cervical vertibrae

• scalines

Waht muscles does this innervate: 

Anterior rami of spinal nerves

Scalenes

What muscles are responsible for these movements

flexion of neck

ipsilateral flexion of the neck

contralateral rotation of the neck

flexion of neck

1. Sternocleidomastoid:

ipsilateral flexion of the neck

1. Sternocleidomastoid:

contralateral rotation of the neck

1. Sternocleidomastoid:

What muscles do these nerves innervate:

Cranial nerve XI

Crania nerve VII

Cranial nerve Xi

• Sternocleidomastoid:

Cranial nerve VII

• Platysma

  

What is the function of the platysma

Tension of the skin of  neck 

What musles does this nerve innervate:

intercostal nerves

• extrnal intercostalas

• internal intercostalis

What muscels are responsible for the movements of the arm/forearm

• Supination of the forarm 

• flexion of the elbow

• extension of the elbow

• Pronation of the forearm

Supination of the forearm

• biceps brachii

• Supinaotor

Flexion of the elbow

• biceps brachii

• brachialis

• brachiordialis

• Pronator Teres

extension of the elbow

• triceps brachiii (all heads)

Pronation of the forearm

• Pronator Teres

• Pronator Quadratus

What muscles does this nerve innervate:

musculocutaneous nerve

• biceps brachii

• coracovrachialis

• brachialis

What muscles does this nerve innervate:

Radial nerve

• brachiodrailis

• triceps brrachii

What muscle does this nerve innervate: 

supra scapular nerve

• supraspinatus (used to stabilize glenohumeral joint and abduct shoulder)

• Infraspinatus (external rotation of the shoulder, stablilizes glenohumeral joint)

What muscles does this nerve innervate

• axillary nerve

• Teres Minor (stabilized glenohumeral joint and external rotation of the shoulder)

• deltoid

What does this nerve innervat

• lower and upper subscapular nerve

• subscapular fossa 

• Teres Major

What is the differnece betwen the radial unar joint and the distal radial ulnar joint

proxima; elbow

Distal: wrist

What are the components of the radius? how do you know what is proximal dn distal? left and right? anterior and posteirior`

• head

  • the flat rounded side

• neck

  • the pinched off part of the head (under)

• Radial Tuberosity

  • thers a bump where muscles attach

• Interosseous Border

  • medial boarder- faces most inward to the body

• Styloid process

  • faces most laterally

• ulnar knotch

  • faces medially

The anterior side

• more smooth while the posterior side is bumpier

What are the different parts of the Ulnar? Proximal Ulna, Distal Ulna, Full body Ulna? what is medial and lateal? anterior, posterior?

• proximal Ulna

  • Cornoid process

    • goes into the gornoid fossica of the humerous 

  • Olecranon Process

    • Attaches to the olecranon fossa of the humerous 

  • Radial Notch 

    • faces Lateral

  • Trochelular notch

    • faces you on the anterior side

  Distal Ulna

  • Head

  • Styloid process

    • little pointed bump on the end of the body. faces laterally

Full body

• shaft

What are the different carle bones? which ones are attached to the ulnar and radius 

• proximal bones

Scaphoid

unate

Triquertral

Phisiphorm

• distal bones'

Hanate

Capitate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

• note this follows from the bone under the thumb to the pinkey and back to the thumb 

What are the differrent bones of the hands. What are the different sections

1. There are 14 philangeis (upper finger bones)

2. 5 metacarles (lower finger bones)

Proximal phalanx

iddle phalanx

Distal philanix

• note the thumb only has the proximal and distal since there are only 2 philangies

What is this muscle? where does it insert? where is its origin

pronator Teres (flexor)

• origin

  • Humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerous

  • Ulnar head (coricoid process of ulna)

• insertion

  • middle of lateral radius

What is this muscle? Where does it insert? What is its origin

Flexor Cari Unaris (flexor)

Origin

• Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerous

• Ulnar head: olecranon process and proximal posterior ulna

Insertion

• phusiphorm

• hok of hamate

• base of 5th metacrale

What is this. muscle? where does it insert? Waht is its origin

Palmaris Longus (flexor)

Origin

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion

• palmar aponeurosis

• flexor retinaculum

• bases of proximal phalanges

What is this muscle? What is its origin? Where is its insertion

• Flexor Carpi Radialis (flexor)

Origin

• meidal epicondyle of humerous 

Insertion

• Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarals