American Isolationism

Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)

President during WW1

• promised a “New Nationalism”

• Made a declaration of neutrality in response to the war (lasted 976 days)

• Joined the war after Mexican conspiracy + submarine sinking

• Former New Jersey governor / college professor

• Passed the Underwood Act, 16th Amendment, and Income Tax

New Freedom

Philosophy of restoring democracy through trust busting and economic competition

Underwood Tariff

Reduced tariffs significantly since the civil war

• passed by Woodrow

Hepburn Act 1906

Federal law that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission more authority to regulate railroads

Clayton Anti-trust Act (1914)

Fair competition and no unfair business practices

• extension of Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Louis D. Brandeis

Jewish man elected into the Supreme Court

• exposed corruption (Ballnger-Pinchot Affair)

• Leading progressive reformer