Documentary-specific Multimodal Conventions

Camera Angle and Shot Type

The position and framing of the camera during shooting, influencing audience perception.

Colour & Lighting

Use of light and color to create mood, convey meanings, and enhance atmosphere.

Mise-en-scène

Arrangement of elements in the frame, including setting, props, actors, and costumes, supporting narrative and theme.

Diegetic Audio

Sound originating from within the film’s world, enhancing realism and audience immersion.

Non-diegetic Audio

Sound not part of the film’s world, influencing emotions, themes, and storytelling.

Object Symbolism

Use of objects to represent larger concepts or themes, adding depth and conveying messages.