State building final

Characteristics of national liberation movements

anticolonial narrative, socialist ideology, preservation of colonial boundaries, international support, successful

Majority rule freedom fighters (2 cases)

South Africa, Rhodesia

Insurgency conflict cases (reform rebels)

Uganda, Rwanda, Ethiopia

Warlord insurgency cases

Liberia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia

Methods of Conflict Resolution

Negotiation, good offices, mediation, arbitration, judicial settlement

4 models of state building

Realist state building (enforce order), institutionalist state building (build institutions), liberal state building (spread liberty), constructivist state building (win converts)

Conflicts terminated through negotiation

Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa

Conflicts terminated through outright victory

Angola, Rwanda, Liberia

Negative Peace

The absence of physical violence

Positive peace

The absence of physical, cultural, and structural violence (not achieved by any countries)

Total spoiler management

Total spoilers must be defeated outright

Greedy spoiler management

Greedy spoilers must be given inducements to participate in negotiations

DDR

Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration

Why RENAMO became a main challenger to FRELIMO

Grievances in rural areas over villagization and collective production enforced by FRELIMO party cadres