P Value and Confidence Interval

P Value

The probability of obtaining results at least as extreme as the observed results, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

P value < 0.05

Indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis

the observed results are statistically significant

Unlikely due to random chance

P value > 0.05

A P value greater than 0.05 indicates insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis, suggesting that the observed results are not statistically significant.

Null hypothesis

There is no significant effect or difference between the groups or no relationship between the variables

Confidence Interval

Range of values that estimates the true population value from a sample

95% confidence interval

95% confident that the true population value is within this interval

Confidence Interval contains 0

“Fail to reject null hypothesis”

NOT adopt or accept it

Standard deviation

How spread out a set of data is in relation to it's mean