Chapter 12 Pathology

croup

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor 

-respiratory syncytial virus RSV

diphtheria

acute infection of throat and upper respiratory tract caused by diphtheria bacterium (corynebacterium)

epistaxis

nosebleed

pertussis

whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella pertussis

upper respiratory disorders

croup

diphtheria

epistaxis

pertussis

bronchial disorders

asthma

bronchiectasis

chronic bronchitis

cystic fibrosis CF

asthma 

chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial and bronchiolar edema and constriction 

bronchiectasis

chronic dilation of a bronchus, usually secondary to infection

chronic bronchitis

inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD

cystic fibrosis CF

inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in respiratory tract that do not drain normally 

lung disorders

atelectasis

emphysema

lung cancer

pneumoconiosis

pneumonia

pulmonary abscess

pulmonary edema

pulmonary embolism PE
pulmonary fibrosis

sarcoidosis

tuberculosis TB

atelectasis 

collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli 

emphysema 

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls 

lung cancer

malignant tumor arising from lungs and bronchi

pneumoconiosis 

abnormal lung condition caused by exposure to certain dusts; with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis 

pneumonia

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of inflammatory reaction

pulmonary abscess

large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in lungs

pulmonary edema

fluid in air sacs and bronchioles

pulmonary embolism PE

clot or other material lodges in vessels of lung

pulmonary fibrosis

formation of scar tissue in connective tissue of lungs

sarcoidosis 

chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs 

tuberculosis TB

infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in body may be affected

pleural disorders

mesothelioma

pleural effusion

pleurisy (pleuritis)

pneumothorax

mesothelioma 

rare malignant tumor arising in pleura 

pleural effusion

abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space

pleurisy (pleuritis)

inflammation of pleura

pneumothorax

collection of air in pleural space