Chapter 11 Sec 5

What disease was spread by fleas on rats during the Black Death?

Bubonic Plague.

What is an epidemic?

An outbreak of a rapidly spreading disease.

How did rats contribute to the spread of the Black Death?

Rats infested ships, towns, and homes, and the fleas on the rats transmitted the disease to humans.

In the early 1300s, approximately how many people died in China due to the Black Death?

About 35 million people.

Where did the Black Death spread after it started in China?

It spread west into Asia and Europe.

At its peak in Cairo, how many people died per day from the Black Death?

About 7,000 people per day.

What were some of the reactions to the Black Death in Europe?

Some people turned to witchcraft, some became wild, and others believed God was punishing them.

What was the economic effect of the Black Death on Europe?

The economy plunged, and inflation (rising prices) occurred.

During the Black Death, what fraction of the population died between 1347 and 1353?

1 out of 3 people died.

How many people died during the Black Death between 1347 and 1353?

Over 25 million people.

What caused division within the Catholic Church in the 1300s?

The movement of the papacy to Avignon, France, in 1309, and the election of two popes who feuded with each other.

Where did Pope Clement V move the papacy in 1309?

To Avignon, located on the border of Southern France.

How long did the papacy stay in Avignon?

About 70 years.

What happened in 1378 regarding the papacy?

Reformers elected their own pope in Rome, leading to a feud between two popes.

What sparked the One Hundred-Year War between England and France?

England wanted to reclaim Normandy from France.

What was the longbow, and how did it contribute to England's victories?

The longbow was a powerful new weapon, six feet long, and capable of firing three arrows at once. It took years to master and helped England in battle.

Who was Joan of Arc, and how did she contribute to France's victory in the war?

Joan of Arc was a 17-year-old peasant girl who claimed God had sent her to save France. She led an army that defeated the English and gave hope to the French.

What happened to Joan of Arc after her military success?

She was captured, tried for witchcraft, and burned at the stake. Later, the Church declared her a saint.

How did the French view Joan of Arc after her death?

The French saw her as a martyr.

What new weapon did the French use to turn the tide in the war?

The cannon.

What effect did the One Hundred-Year War have on France?

It fostered a strong national feeling in France.

How did the One Hundred-Year War affect England’s expansion plans?

The English started looking for new lands overseas.

How did the use of the longbow and cannon affect medieval society?

Knights started to disappear as these new weapons made the traditional knightly role less important, marking the decline of medieval society.