Transporters, Pumps and Channels II

These flashcards cover key concepts related to transport mechanisms, including the types of channels, the functions of carrier proteins, and distinctions between active transport types.

What are the four basic methods of transport discussed in this lecture?

Channels, carriers, active transporter pumps, and simple passive diffusion.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary active transport?

Primary active transport directly uses ATP to pump substances, while secondary active transport relies on the gradients established by primary active transport.

Name the types of ion channels mentioned in the lecture.

Ligand-gated, voltage-gated, stretch-activated, and leak channels.

What is the role of Na+/K+-ATPase in primary active transport?

It pumps sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, helping to maintain ion gradients.

How does facilitated transport differ from passive diffusion?

Facilitated transport uses specific carrier proteins to help move substances across membranes, while passive diffusion occurs without assistance.

What is the functional relationship between primary active transport and secondary active transport?

Primary active transport establishes ion gradients that are utilized by secondary active transport to move other substances.

What is the purpose of solute carriers in facilitated transport?

To transport solutes across membranes from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

What drives the process of osmosis?

The solute gradients created by active transport.

What is the significance of ion gradients established by primary active transport?

They are crucial for bioelectricity and the secondary active transport of other molecules.

What are the main functions of primary active transporters (ATPases)?

To pump electrolytes, maintain solute gradients for osmotic stability, and create ion gradients for bioelectricity.