Rational Choice Theory and Institutionalism

These flashcards cover key concepts from rational choice theory, institutionalism, feminist theory, and notable Filipino social thinkers as presented in the lecture notes.

What does Rational Choice Theory explain?

It explains that human action and behavior are products of choice, where individuals rationalize their situations by assessing the most beneficial choices and lesser individual costs.

What is Cost-Benefit Analysis in Rational Choice Theory?

It is a process performed by individuals to weigh the costs (disadvantages or losses) against the benefits (gains or advantages) after making a choice.

What is meant by 'rational actors' in Rational Choice Theory?

Rational actors are individuals who are seen as rational decision-makers that access good information and weigh the consequences of various choices.

Define self-interest in the context of Rational Choice Theory.

Self-interest is the idea that individuals acting in their own self-interest can lead to the best economic benefits for all.

What are 'invisible hands' in economics?

Invisible hands refer to how individuals' self-interests help bring supply and demand into equilibrium.

What are formal institutions?

Formal institutions are codified rules, policies, and norms considered official, originating from state laws or organizations.

Give an example of an informal institution.

Social norms, attitudes, traditions, and self-enforced morals are examples of informal institutions.

What is normative institutionalism?

Normative institutionalism is the sociological interpretation of institutions that argues a 'logic of appropriateness' guides the behavior of actors within an institution.

How does discursive institutionalism differ in its focus?

Discursive institutionalism focuses on the substantive content of ideas and the interactive process of discourse within institutional contexts.

What is the key belief of feminist theory?

Feminist theory advocates for equality between men and women in opportunities, treatment, respect, and social rights.

Define gender ideology.

Gender ideology is a social belief that supports gender inequality, establishing specific roles for men and women.

What is radical feminism?

Radical feminism is a movement that believes sexism is deeply rooted in society and seeks to eliminate the concept of gender completely.

What does human-environment systems approach study?

It studies the interaction of human systems with corresponding environmental and technological systems, bridging social and natural sciences.

Who is Jose Rizal?

Jose Rizal was a Filipino nationalist, polymath, and author of novels that highlighted the exploitative conditions under Spanish colonial rule.

What contributions did Isabelo Delos Reyes make to Philippine society?

Isabelo Delos Reyes was a politician, writer, and labor activist known as the father of Philippine Folklore, Labor Movement, and Filipino Socialism.