AXIAL SKELETON - SKULL

Lacunae with osteocytes (compact bone)

Bone tissue types

compact bone and spongy bone

compact bone

dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum

spongy bone

contains red marrow

Osteon

structural unit of compact bone

central canal

contains blood vessels and nerves

Canaliculi (compact bone)

small channels that connect lacunae; allow for nutrient exchange and cellular communication between osteocytes

epiphysis of long bone

ends of the bone, composed mostly of spongy bone

Diaphysis (long bone)

shaft of a long bone

medullary cavity (long bone)

hollow cavity filled with yellow marrow

skull bones

There are total 22 bones, 8 cranial and 14 facial bones

frontal bone of skull

forehead bone; protects cranium

parietal bone of skull

occipital bone (skull)

back of skull

temporal bone of skull

bone that forms parts of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial activity. There is a right and left temporal bone.

Maxilla

upper jaw bone

Zygomatic bone

cheek bone

Ethmoid Bone (perpendicular plate)

part of nasal septum

sphenoid bone

Bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together

nasal bones

form the bridge of the nose

lacrimal bones (facial)

paired bones at the corner of each eye cradles the tear ducts

vomer bone

inferior nasal conchae

form part of lateral walls of nasal cavity

palatine bone

Name this bone.

Mandible Bone

lower jaw bone

hyoid bone

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

supra-orbital foramen

supra-orbital nerve and vessels

frontal bone

supraorbital margin

thick margin of the eye socket that lies beneath the eyebrows

glabella of frontal bone

Smooth area between the eyes

suture

interlocking line of union between bones

coronal suture

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

anterior cranial fossa

holds the frontal lobe of the brain

sagital suture in skull

What is the highlighted marking?

Squamous Suture (Skull)

Between parietal and temporal bones

lambdoid suture

between parietal bones and occipital bone

foramen magnum

occipital condyle

Name this bony landmark.

external occipital crest

extends downward from the external occipital protuberance

nuchal lines of occipital bone

4 curved lines on the external surface of occipital bone

posterior cranial fossa

contains the cerebellum

zygomatic process

Name this part of the temporal bone.

external acoustic meatus

mandibular fossa

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

styloid process

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

mastoid process

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

petrous region (temporal)

internal acoustic meatus

carotid canal

passageway for internal carotid artery

jugular foramen

Name this foramen.

infraorbital foramen

Name this foramen.

intermaxillary suture

the suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone

temporal process

forms the zygomatic arch with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

cribriform plate

The horizontal plate of the ethmoid bone separating the cranial cavity from the nasal cavity.

crista galli

middle nasal concha

Name this bony landmark.

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

superior portion of the bony nasal septum

Sphenoid bone (greater wing)

Name this bone.

sphenoid bone lesser wing

name this bone

sella turcica

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

optic foramen

optic canal

allows the optic nerve to pass to the eye

foramen rotundum

foramen ovale

Name this foramen.

foramen spinosum

Name this foramen.

foramen lacerum

Name this foramen.

nasal

nose

lacrimal bone

Name this bone.

vomer

forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum

inferior nasal conchae

The lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity.

palatine bone

Mandible labeled

mandibular foramen of mandible

side hole of the jaw on the inside

hyoid bone

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

Fontanel

Soft spot in the skull where membranes cover the space between bones

squamous portion

What is the highlighted structure?

ethmoid bone