Lean Principles and Statistical Concepts

These flashcards cover key concepts from Lean principles, process improvement methods, and statistics relevant to the exam.

Lean's greatest value

The development of people.

Industries where Lean can be applied

Manufacturing, Healthcare, Service, Government.

5S associated with red tagging

Sort.

Prerequisite for process improvement

There must first be a standard in place.

Waste from too tight tolerance

Overprocessing.

Standing in the circle concept

Taiichi Ohno.

Production leveling term

Heijunka.

Who presents kaizen report out

Kaizen team members.

Diagram to prioritize problems

Pareto.

PDCA phase for standardizing processes

Act.

6M's NOT included in Lean

Manufacturing.

Missing step in PDCA sequence

Check.

Visual signal for a problem

Andon.

Optimal crew size for 600/300 workers

2.

Standard WIP meaning

Minimum.

Characteristic of a value stream map

Updated many times.

Heijunka's effect on setups

It increases setups.

Days of supply for 1000/200

5.

System shown in the diagram involving material flow

Pull System.

Process Cycle Efficiency formula

Value Added Time divided by Production Lead Time.

S in SMART goals

Specific.

P in SIPOC

Process.

S in SIPOC

Suppliers.

Voting N/3 for 27 ideas

9.

Median of the series 3,5,5,5,6,8,8,11,12

6.

Correlation implies causation

False.

Mode of the series 3,5,5,5,6,8,8,11,12

5.

Central Limit Theorem

Distribution becomes normal with large samples.

P-value of 0.75 decision

Fail to reject Ho.

99.7% rule for standard deviations

3.

Box-Cox transformation effect

Transforms to normal.

Full factorial runs for (2^4)

16.

Six Sigma's definition of defects per million

3.4.

D in PDCA stands for

Do.

Normality test name

Anderson-Darling.

Mode of the series 14,6,10,28,6,22,12

6.

Empirical rule for +/- 3 sigma

99.74%.

Hard savings definition

Direct P&L impact.

P-value of 0.01 decision

Reject Ho.

Purpose of the Chi-square test

To assess the relationship between categorical variables.

C&E matrix basis

Opinions of the team.

SIPOC type

High level.

Z-score definition

Distance from mean in standard deviations.

Pareto principle named after

Vilfredo Pareto.

Measurement discrimination rule

One-tenth.