Concepts of Man - Key Terms (Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Perspective)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on the concept of man, including biopsychosocial-spiritual perspectives, universal vs unique vs social dimensions, subsystems, major attributes, human needs, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Biopsychosocial and Spiritual Being

A view of human beings that integrates biological, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions in constant interaction with the environment.

Biologic Being

The biological aspect of a person; shares anatomy and basic needs with other humans.

Psychologic Being

The mental and emotional aspect; includes emotions and cognitive abilities.

Social Being

The aspect related to social life; identity formed through relationships and groups.

Spiritual Being

The aspect dealing with beliefs, values, meaning, and existential concerns.

Universal Human Nature

Common nature shared by all humans across biological, psychological, and existential dimensions; includes birth, life, death, and the search for meaning; pain and happiness are universal.

Unique Individual

Each person has unique genetics, personality, experiences, and choices; even identical twins may differ.

Free Will

The capacity to make independent choices and act with autonomy.

The Social & Cultural Dimension

Humans belong to cultures, religions, nations, ethnic groups, and social classes; these shape values, customs, behavior, beliefs, and identity through connection with others.

Subsystems

Parts of the human being that are interdependent components, forming a unified whole.

Suprasystems

Larger systems that encompass subsystems, including broader environments in which a person exists.

Interdependent

Mutually dependent; components rely on one another to function.

Interrelated

Linked to one another; relationships among parts influence the whole.

Holism (The Whole is Greater than the Sum of its Parts)

The concept that the whole person is more than just the sum of their parts due to integration of subsystems.

Four Major Attributes of a Human Being

The four primary capacities: abstract thinking, territorial behavior, use of language (verbal symbols), and family formation.

Abstract Thinking

Capacity to think and reason at an abstract level beyond concrete objects.

Territoriality

Tendency to seek and maintain territory.

Verbal Symbols / Language

Ability to use language as symbols to develop and maintain culture.

Family Formation

Tendency to form and sustain family groups.

Human Needs

Physiologic and psychologic conditions that a person must meet to achieve well-being.

Physiologic Needs

Basic bodily requirements for survival (air, water, food, shelter, clothing, sleep, reproduction).

Psychologic Needs

Needs related to mental and emotional well-being (needs for love, esteem, security, meaning).

Universal Needs

Needs common to all people; can be met in different ways and may be deferred or interrelated.

Needs May Be Met in Different Ways

People meet needs in varied ways depending on culture, circumstance, and personal factors.

Needs May Be Deferred

Needs can be postponed and not immediately satisfied.

Needs May Be Interrelated

Different needs influence and affect one another.

Unmet Needs Lead to Illness

When needs are not met, normal body function can be disrupted and illness may follow.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory organizing needs into a five-level pyramid from bottom to top: Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization.

Physiologic Needs (Maslow)

Bottom level of Maslow's pyramid; basic survival needs such as air, water, food, shelter, clothing, sleep, reproduction.

Safety Needs (Maslow)

Need for personal security, health, stability, financial security, and safety nets.

Love and Belonging (Maslow)

Need for intimate relationships, family, friendship, community, and group membership.

Esteem (Maslow)

Need for self-respect, confidence, recognition from others, achievement, and reputation.

Self-Actualization (Maslow)

Realizing one's full potential; includes creativity, personal growth, moral development, pursuit of meaning, and peak experiences.

Peak Experience

Moments of joy, transcendence, and insight associated with reaching self-actualization.