carboxylic acid and derivatives nomenclature

for carboxylic acids

drop -e add -oic acid

for acyl haldies

drop -e add -oyl halide

for carboxylic acids

drop -e add -oic acid

for acyl haldies

drop -e add -oyl halide

for esters

alkyl and drop -e add -oate

for amides

drop -e and add -amide and use N-alkyl groups

for carboxylic acids on rings

if single, add carboxylic acid and don’t drop -e

for acyl halides on ring

add -carbonyl halide

for esters as ring

if single, add carboxate

for amides on ring

if single, carboxamide

esters in full cylic version

lactone

amines in full cyclic versions

lactam

esters, acids, amide and carboxylic acids are

h20 soluble

acyl halide reacts with h20 so

solubility not relevant

those with carbonyl & h bonds have

high bp

those with carbonyl and no h bond have

low bp

high bp example

amides

low bp example

ketone

acid halides in nature

don’t exist, react violently with water

esters in nature

in fruit flavor, beeswax, and fats

example of esters

jasmine, banana and apple

carboxylic acid in nature

fatty acids

example of carboxylic acids

rancid butter, vinegar, ants, and wet goat

amides in nature

dna, proteins

example of amides

caffeine