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What type of numbering system does a computer use to process and store data?
Binary
A ______ refers to the smallest unit of data in a computer system?
Bit
What is the measurement of CPU processing speed referred to as?
Clock Speed
What computer component is responsible for processing information?
CPU
DAW stands for what?
Digital Audio Workstation
What is larger: A Gigabyte or Terabyte?
Terabyte
Your 1 Terabyte external hard drive is what type of hard drive?
SSD
The Mac laptop features what type of internal storage drive?
SSD
What are the two types of memory that a computer may use? Choose two answers.
-Stored,
-Active
Your student laptop at CRAS contain 16GB of what type of memory?
RAM
What happens to total resistance in a parallel circuit when you add another branch to that circuit?
Decreases
AC and DC have a constant, non-changing polarity.
False
An electrical component that can limit current to a safe value, drop voltages to a required value is
a resistor
The unit of measurement used for Current is
amps
If voltage increases and resistance remains constant, the current will
increase
In a parallel circuit, the total current is the sum of the individual branch currents.
True
In a parallel circuit, the total resistance of the circuit is always lower than the smallest branch resistance in the circuit.
True
The formulas stating the mathematical relationship between voltage, current and resistance are known as
Ohm's Law
In a series circuit:
voltage will drop across each resistor
A microphone transduces sound into AC voltage.
True
The total resistance (or AC impedance) of one 8 ohm and one 16 ohm speaker wired in series with each other would be
24 ohms
A "short circuit" means there is no path for current to flow and no current flowing in the circuit.
False
The total resistance (AC impedance) of two 8 ohm speakers wired in parallel with each other would be
4 ohms
In a series circuit:
there is one path for current to flow
Media Type, Media Format, File Format, and File Specific Consideration are critical regarding what between computers and programs?
Compatibility
What should you be doing routinely with all important data and files on your computer?
Backing up the files
Digital files that move between people involved in audio production workflow are referred to as what?
Deliverables
How many backups should you have for important documents and files?
two or more
Which of the following is NOT an internet based file transfer service?
CrasConnect
Which of the following is NOT example of a physical Media Type:
RAM
All programs can open all file formats?
False'.
File management is an optional skill that is not required if you work with computers.
False
Even if Media Type, Media Format, and File Format compatibility is correct, File Specific Considerations may prevent certain programs from opening certain specific files.
True
All hard drives are compatible between all Operating Systems?
False
At what numeric level does digital clipping occur?
0dBFS
When would Dithering be used?
When exporting audio to a lower Bit Depth setting than it was previously.
Dynamic Range is: 1 bit = ____ dB?
1 bit = 6dB
Dynamic Resolution is calculated by which equation?
2 to the power of N (Where N is equal to the number of bits)
Sample Rate determines your _____________?
Frequency Response
Dynamic Resolution and Dynamic Range is determined by ___________?
Bit Depth
What controls the timing and accuracy of the converters?
The Clock
What does PCM stand for?
Pulse Code Modulation
What is a digital timing error between the Samples called?
Jitter
What is the Bit Depth for CD Quality Audio?
16 Bit
What is the Sample Rate of CD Quality Audio?
44.1kHz
Nyquist Theorem states.....
The Sample Rate must be at least 2 times the highest audio frequency be recorded or converted.
When using the PCM process what are the 2 most common audio file formats captured?
Wave and AIFF
When looking at a digital meter, what is at the very bottom that you want your signal to be higher than?
Quantization Noise
-20dBFS is the equivalent to _______ in analog
0dBVU
How many channels of audio does ADAT protocol transfer?
8 channels
What is the "consumer" Stereo protocol?
S/PDIF
Lossless Compression audio is considered .............?
Temporary and Non-Destructive
Lossy Compression audio is considered .............?
Permanent and Destructive
What type of cable does ADAT use?
Optical Cable
Up to how many channels can MADI transfer?
64
Would 256kbps be considered Bit Rate or Bit Depth?
Bit Rate
What is Multiplexing?
Sending multiple channels of audio down a single cable digitally
What is CBR?
Constant Bite Rate
What is VBR?
Variable Bit Rate
Is m4a a lossless or lossy file?
It can be Either
What are 2 common "Uncompressed" audio files types?
AIFF and Wav
What is file size reduction software called?
Codec
Is an Mp3 lossless or lossy?
It is Lossy
What is the quick-key to "Bounce" audio in Logic?
Command + B
How many channels are in the MIDI protocol?
16
How many degrees of Velocity are there?
128
In order for one MIDI device to communicate with another, what must be true? (hint: more than one answer)
Channels must match, Connections must be correct
The part of a keyboard that generates MIDI instructions is:
the controller
The part of the keyboard that responds to MIDI information is:
sound computer
Which of the following is not a possible application of MIDI?
Recording a vocal
Pressure applied to a key after it is struck is referred to as
aftertouch
The MIDI term for how fast or hard the key is struck is:
velocity
The___ port receives MIDI information.
In
The____port is used to transmit MIDI information from a "Master" devic
Out
What are the two types of MIDI sequencers?
Linear, Pattern
If a device can respond to multiple MIDI channels simultaneously, is it considered:
Multimbral
What best describes the function of the Thru port?
Repeats all MIDI information received by the device's IN port
What is the difference between monophonic and polyphonic synthesizers?
Voices
Quantizing MIDI will affect which of the following?
Timing resolution, Rhythmic feel of the performance
Which Continuous Control Number would be used to change a sound’s position in the stereo field?
10
Continuous Control Messages affect only one particular MIDI channel at a time?
True
A Sustain or Damper Pedal is merely an off/on switch. What 2 values are generated?
0, 127
When MIDI is used to create music, which of the following are true?
You can change the sound of a part without having to completely re-record it.
linear sequencer
records midi information chronologically
multi-timbral
the ability for a device to use more than one MIDI channel at one time.
sequencer
a device that records and plays back MIDI information,
monophonic
can only play one voice at a time
pattern mode
where the individual sections of midi information are created
quantizing
adjusts MIDI event timing placement,
drum machine
a great example of a pattern sequencer
PPQ (parts per quarter-note)
measures the timing resolution of a sequencer
step-write recording
recording MIDI events one at a time,
polyphony
defines the maximum number of voices an instrument produces at one time
Any device that is enslaved to a master is said to be in
External Sync
Communication between master and slave must include what 2 general pieces of information?
Pace and Place
The original frame rates for television broadcast were 30FPS in the USA and 25 FPS in Europe. Why?
Both frame rates were based on the power line frequencies of the respective countries
What is the "name" of the US video standard?
NTSC (National Television Standards Committee)
FSK is an audio version of ?
MIDI Clock
In any synchronization setup, how many devices can be masters?
One
Is MIDI Machine Control (MMC) a synchronization protocol?
No