Science test biology

What is a biome?

A biome is a large area of land that has a specific climate and is home to a certain type of plants and animals that are adapted to live there

Desert biome

Can be hot during the day and cold at night, dry sand or rocky soil with little organic matter high evaporation plants and animals must conserve water receives little precipitation plants cacti, succulents shrubs, not many plants due animals, reptiles like lizards and snakes, mammals like camels, foxes and kangaroo rats insects like beetles and ants adaptations many animals go out at night to avoid heat. Plants have deep or widespread roots animals get water from food or stored fat.

What is an ecosystem

an ecosystem is a community of living organisms and the nonliving environment interact within a specific one living parts plants animals, bacteria, fungi, nonliving, parts, sunlight, water, air, soil, temperature, example, a desert ecosystem includes cacti, lizards, insects, and sand, heat sunlight, and very little water

What is abiotic

Abiotic is nonliving like sunlight, water, air soil, temperature rocks

What is biotic?

Biotic is living things if it was once alive or alive it is biotic like plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria

What is a food web

a food is a network of food chains that show feeding relationships and energy flow in an ecosystem

What is a producer?

A producer is an organism that makes its own food using sunlight. Producers are always the bottom of the food web example plants grass trees, algae.

What is a herbivore?

A herbivore is an organism that only eats plants example dear rabbits, cows, grasshopper, giraffes

What is a carnivore?

A carnivore is an organism that eats other animals example lions, sharks, snakes, owls, hawks

What is an omnivore?

At omnivore is an organism that eats both plants and animals, example humans bears raccoons, crows and pigs

What is a primary consumer?

A primary consumer is an organism that eats producers in a food chain example, rabbits, deer, grasshopper, cows, kangaroo

What is a secondary consumer?

A secondary consumer is an organism that eats the primary consumer in the food chain example frogs, snakes, small birds, lizards

What is a tertiary consumer?

A tertiary consumer is an organism that eats secondary consumers example hawk, owl, sharks, eagles

What is an Apex predator?

At Apex predator is the top consumer in the food web and is not eaten by any other animal example shark lion eagle orca hawk

What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem. It includes different species, different genes within those species and different ecosystems.

Why is biodiversity important?

Biodiversity important because it helps the ecosystem stay healthy provides food medicine and resource resources and help helps nature recover from damage

What does it mean when something is extinct?

A species is extinct when there are no living members left anywhere in the world example Doodoo bird and Tasmanian tiger

What does it mean when something is endangered?

When a species is a high risk of becoming instinct, example, tigers, and polar bears

What does it mean when somthing is extirpated

When a species no longer exist in a certain area, but somewhere else in the world example greater perry chicken

What does it mean when something is threatened?

When a species is going to become endangered soon, example some sharks and some birds

What does it mean when something is vulnerable?

When a species is that high risk of becoming threatened example, some sea turtles and some birds

What are factors that can lead to extinction?

Habit loss like deforestation urban development and pollution over hunting or over fishing hunting animals faster than they can reproduce climate change changes in temperature and weather patterns, melting ice caps and droughts pollution oil spills plastic in ocean, toxic chemicals, invasive species non-native animals or plants that take over the ecosystem

What is a evasive species?

Invasive species is a non-native organism that spread spreads quickly and harms the ecosystem that it enter

Why are invasive species bad?

They compete with the native species for food and space they can destroy habitats. They often have no natural predators in the new area they can cause native species to become endangered.

Why do invasive species sometimes thrive

Because of no natural predators, they reproduce quickly. They compete for food in space they can survive so many environments and they bring diseases.

What is a limiting factor?

A limiting factor is an environment condition that limits the size of pollution

What are limiting factors?

Lack of water, temperature food supply, space diseases predators

What is bioaccumulation

When a toxin builds up inside an organism overtime example a fish living in polluted water

What is biomagnification?

When a toxin increases as you move up, the food chain example tiny algae absorbs a toxin small fish eats algae big fish eats a small fish shark eats the big fish

What is evaporation?

Evaporation is when water turns from liquid to gas and rises into the air

What is transpiration

When water is released from plants into the air as water vapour

What is condensation?

When water vapour cools and turns back into liquid forming clouds

What is precipitation?

When water falls from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail

What is ground water?

When water soaks into soil and is stored underground

what is photosynthesis?

When plants use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

What is respiration

Releasing energy from glucose by using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide and water

What is decomposers?

They are organisms that breakdown, dead plants, and animals

Importance of decomposers

They recycle nutrients they help the carbon cycle. They prevent waste from piling up. They keep ecosystems balance.

How do humans affect the carbon cycle?

By burning fossil, fuel, defrost station, agriculture, and livestock industrial process and pollution

Why is nitrogen essential for life?

Because it is key element and proteins, DNA and other important molecules that living organisms need to grow and survive

Why is nitrogen fixation so important?

Because it converts nitrogen gas from the air into a form that plants and animals can use

What is the role of nitrogen fixing bacteria

Convert nitrogen gas from the air into useful forms like ammonia or nitrates

Roll of nitrifying bacteria

Convert ammonia into nitrates which plants can easily use

Role of D nitrifying bacteria

Convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas and release it into the air

Role of detrivores

Breaks down dead material

What is the order of the nitrogen cycle?

Nitrogen fixing bacteria nitro fine bacteria plants animals detritiovers decomposers denitrifying bacteria

How does the climate system work?

The climate system is the interaction between earths atmosphere, oceans land, and living things that determines the plants, long-term weather patterns, and temperature

What is latitude?

Places near the equator that are warmer

What is altitude?

A higher altitude equals colder climate

What is ocean currents?

Warm currents equal warmer climate

What is the distance from the ocean?

Near the ocean equals milder climate

What is topography?

Mountains can block wind, and cause rain shadows

what is vegetation?

Provide shade absorb CO2 releases, moisture

Human activities

Burning, fossil, fuel, deforestation pollution

What are the three types of climates?

Tropical, temperate and polar

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather is rain today sunny afternoon, snow this weekend windy right now weather changes daily weather equals what you get climate climate is Canada has the coldest climate. The desert has hot dry climate the tropics have a warm, rainy climate. Weather is short-term atmosphere conditions. Well climate is the long-term average of weather patterns in a region.

What is radiation?

Radiation is heat that travels through space example the sun worms earth by radiation

What is conduction

When he moves through something solid by touch example if you touch a hot, spoon, the heat travels through your hand

What is convection

When he moves through liquids or gases, like moving currents, example, boiling water, hot air, rises, cool air sinks, creating move movement

What is the coriolis effect?

The bending of wind and water currents because earth is spinning example wind doesn’t blow straight from the north pole to the equator. A curve is making patterns.

What is hydrosphere?

All of the water on earth like lakes, oceans, rivers icebergs

How are ocean currents formed?

Ocean currents are formed by wind differences in water, temperature and salt and the earths rotation

How are thunderstorms caused?

Worm, moist air rising cold air above it

How are tornadoes caused?

Strong thunderstorms, warm, moist air, meaning cold, dry air, and strong wind

How are floods caused?

Heavy rain, snow, melting, fast and rivers, overflowing

How are droughts caused?

Long periods with no rain, hot temperature temperatures in increasing evaporation

How are hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones caused

Very warm ocean water, warm, moist air, rising, and low air pressure

How is extreme heat caused?

High pressure system, trapping warm air and long periods of hot weather and lack of clouds and rain

How are blizzards caused?

Cold temperatures, heavy snow, strong winds

How is extreme cold weather formed?

Cold air masses, moving in polar air, pushing self and long winter nights

How to stay safe in extreme cold weather

Dress warm stay dry limit times outside and watch for frostbite and hypothermia

What is the greenhouse effect?

When gas is in the atmosphere, trapped heat, and keep earth warm without an earth would be too cold for plants, animals and people to live

What are greenhouse gases?

Carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, and nitrous oxide

How can you reduce your carbon footprint?

Saving energy, using less transportation, recycling, and reducing waste

What is first Nations point of view on the environment?

They view the environment as something to respect and live in balance with

What is an ecologist perspective on the environment?

They believe that nature should be protected to keep ecosystems healthy

What is a utilitarian perspective on the environment?

They believe that natural resources should be used to benefit people

What is at conservationist beliefs on the ecosystem

They believe that natural resources should be protected and used responsibly

What is carbon tax?

Carbon tax is a fee charge for releasing carbon dioxide to reduce pollution and protect the environment