ARC 110 Exam 1
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32 Terms
title: Oval “temples”
location: Göbekli Tepe, southeastern Turkey
date: ca. twelfth millennium BCE
details: “hill with pot belly” + megalith architecture + built for religious purposes + used by hunter-gatherers and buried
title: Le Menec menhir field
location: Carnac, Brittany, France
date: ca. 2500 BCE
details: alignments + menhri= long stone
title: Imhotep, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser
location: Saqqâra, Egypt
date: ca. 2650 BCE
details: columns imitate nature + Hed Seb Chapels (dummy buildings) —> engaged columns with natural capitals
title: Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), “The Great Pyramid”
location: Giza, Egypt
date: ca. 2570 BCE
details: allegedly designed by pharaoh’s nephew Hem Iwno + 3 smaller pyramids for wives + subterranean chamber + not meant to be entered after death + corbelling in grand gallery
title: Mentuhotep II’s funerary complex
location: Deir-el-Bahri, Egypt
date: ca. 2010 BCE
details: blends into environment + transition from
title: Temple of Amon-Ra (or Amun-Re)
location: Karnak, Egypt
date: ca. 1550 BCE and later
details: the Hypostyle Hall + main religious center for New Kingdom
title: Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple
location: Deir-el-Bahri, Egypt
date: ca. 1480 BCE
details: architect: Senenmut + modeled after the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II + temple and tomb
title: Temple of Ramesses II
location: Abu Simbel, Egypt
date: ca. 1250 BCE
details: originally flooded + show of power and divine nature
title: “Palace” of Knossos
location: Knossos, Crete
date: ca. 1700-1450 BCE
details: ritual feasting in central court + surrounded by smaller clustered rooms (like labyrinth) + cut stone, mud brick, and lots of wood + multiple levels
title: Lion Gate
location: Mycenae, Greece
date: ca. 1250 BCE
details: post and lintel system + “relieving triangle” where lions are carved
title: “Treasury of Atreus,” ” beehive tomb
location: Mycenae, Greece
date: ca. 1250 BCE
details: “tholos” + corbelling + relieving triangle
title: Paestum (Greek, Poseidonia) /
location: Greek colony in southern Italy (Magna Graecia) laid on in the per strigas grid of long blocks
date: 8th century BCE
details: doric order + pediment of gods
title: Temple of Hera II (“Temple of Poseidon”)
location: Paestum, Italy
date: ca. 450 BCE
details: double doric order
title: Stoa of Attalos
location: Athens, Greece
date: ca. 150 BCE
details: doric on exterior and ionic on interior + destroyed in siege and rebuilt in 1950s
title: Erechtheion
location: Athens
date: 421-405 BCE
details: most sacred area + named after 1st king of athens + contains most famous part (the Caryatid Porch)
title: Parthenon
location: Athens, Greece
date: 447-432 BCE
details: architects: Iktinos and Kallikrates + 1st building built + temple to Athena + octostyle peripteral + pentelic stone + doric with ionic details and series of refinements + pediment + large statue of Athena within
title: Temple of Apollo Epicurius
location: Bassae, Greece
date: ca. 430 BCE
details: architects: Iktinos and Pheidias + Corinthian order + built for healing +
title: Theatre
location: Epidauros, Greece
date: ca. 330 BCE
details: built into hillside + good acoustics + looks out at landscape
title: Great Altar of Zeus
location: Pergamum, Asia Minor
date: ca. 180 BCE
details: on dramatic acropolis + kings and gods shared space + decorated with sculptures of humans vs. giants
title: Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia
location: Praeneste (Palestrina), Italy
date: ca. 120 BCE
details: opus cementum (concrete) + shrine and shopping + thoughtful of how people would move throughout space
title: Stabian Baths
location: Pompeii, Italy
date: ca. 80 BCE
details: social activity + Palaetra (exercise space) + multiple pools with different heating + hypocaust system
title: Maison Carrée
location: Nîmes, France
date: ca. 20 BCE
details: corinthian order + very well preserved (loved by Thomas Jefferson) + Augustus time + facadism
title: Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre)
location: Rome, Italy
date: ca. 70 CE
details: amphi= on both sides + made to clap back at previous emperor + on top of Nero’s pleasure palace + named Colosseum bc next to colossus of Nero
title: Forum of Augustus with Temple of Mars Ultor
location: Rome, Italy
date: 25-2 BCE
details: built by Augustus for public purposes but reminds citizens of his power
title: Apollodorus of Damascus, Markets of Trajan
location: Rome, Italy
date: 110 CE
details: adjacent to Forum of Trajan + groin vaulted market hall + built into hill
title: Pantheon
location: Rome, Italy
date: 118-128 CE
details: commissioned by Hadrian + fusion of greek urbanism + oculus and coffering + “all gods”
title: Hadrian’s Villa (Villa Adriana)
location: Tivoli, Italy
date: 125 CE
details: more spread out layout + 2x size of Pompeii + connected by underground tunnels
title: Basilica (Audience Hall, Palace of Constantine)
location: Trier, Germany
date: ca. 300 CE
details:
title: Basilica of Maxentius (aka New Basilica)
location: Rome, Italy
date: 306-315 CE
details: takes form from Roman Imperial baths, giant statue in alcove (similar to audience hall)
title: Palace of Diocletian
location: Spalato (Split), Croatia
date: ca. 300 CE
details: based on military camp + audience hall (peristyle + arcuated lintel) + mausoleum within city
title: Church (Mausoleum) of Sta. Costanza (St. Constantina)
location: Rome, Italy
date: 340 CE
details: where daughter is buried + circular + incredible interior + use of spolia
title: St. Peter’s Basilica (Old St. Peter’s)
location: Rome, Ital;y
date: ca. 325 CE
details: occidented + old one completely destroyed (reconstructed now)