ms faruq maths

Probability scale

How likely an event is, from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).

Probability calculation

Probability = (Favorable outcomes) / (Total outcomes).

Possibility space diagram

Shows all outcomes of two events.

Frequency of events

How often an event happens.

Venn diagrams

Circles showing relationships between sets.

Set notation

Using symbols for unions, intersections, etc., in sets.

Probability tree

Shows probabilities of events in order.

Factors

Numbers that divide a number evenly.

Multiples

Numbers you get by multiplying a number by integers.

Primes

Numbers only divisible by 1 and themselves.

Negative numbers

Numbers less than zero.

Written methods

Ways to add, subtract, multiply, and divide on paper.

BIDMAS

Order to solve equations: Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.

Square

A number times itself.

Cube

A number times itself twice.

Rules of indices

Rules for working with exponents, like a^m × a^n = a^{m+n}.

Standard form

Writing numbers as A × 10^n, where A is between 1 and 10.

Rounding

Making a number simpler.

Estimation

Making a good guess for a value.

Scatter graphs

A graph that shows how two things are related.

Drawing scatter graphs

Putting points on a scatter graph.

Interpreting scatter graphs

Seeing patterns in a scatter graph.

Correlation

How strong the relationship is between two things.

Line of best fit

A line on a scatter graph showing the trend.

Area of a 2D shape

Space inside a shape.

Perimeter of a 2D shape

Distance around a shape.

Area of square

Area = side × side.

Perimeter of square

Perimeter = 4 × side.

Area of rectangle

Area = length × width.

Perimeter of rectangle

Perimeter = 2 × (length + width).

Area of triangle

Area = 1/2 × base × height.

Area of parallelogram

Area = base × height.

Area of trapezium

Area = 1/2 × (sum of parallel sides) × height.

Compound shapes

Shapes made of simple shapes.

Circle

A round shape with all points the same distance from the center.

Naming parts of a circle

Knowing radius, diameter, etc., of a circle.

Area of a circle

Area = πr^2.

Circumference of a circle

Circumference = 2πr.

Sectors of a circle

Part of a circle between two lines from the center.

Volume of 3D shapes

Space a 3D object takes up.

Nets of 3D shapes

A flat shape that makes a 3D shape when folded.

Volume of prisms

Volume = area of the end × length.

Surface area of prisms

Area of all the sides of a prism.

Changing units of area

Changing cm² to m², etc.

Changing units of volume

Changing cm³ to m³, etc.

Fractions

Parts of a whole.

Equivalent fractions

Fractions that are the same.

Comparing fractions

Seeing which fraction is bigger.

Simplifying fractions

Making a fraction as small as possible.

Fractions of amounts

Finding a fraction of something.

Adding fractions

Adding fractions together.

Subtracting fractions

Subtracting one fraction from another.

Multiplying fractions

Multiplying fractions.

Dividing fractions

Dividing fractions.

Mixed numbers

Whole number plus a fraction.

Fraction/Decimal/Percentage equivalence

Changing fractions to decimals to percentages.

Percentage of amount

Finding a percentage of something.

Percentage increase

How much something goes up in percent.

Percentage decrease

How