11 STM

Working Memory

A system used for temporarily holding and manipulating information, differing from short-term memory.

Short-term Memory (STM)

A passive storage system that holds information briefly and has a limited capacity of 7 +/- 2 items.

Trace Decay

The process by which a memory record dissolves over time.

Interference

A phenomenon in memory where other information disrupts the retrieval of specific information.

Phonological Similarity

A coding method in memory where sounds that are similar can interfere with each other.

Mental Rotation Tasks

Cognitive tasks that require the visualization of objects as they are rotated in space.

Central Executive

The component of working memory that controls attention and coordinates activities among other components.

Articulatory Loop

Part of working memory responsible for rehearsing verbal information.

Visuospatial Sketchpad (VSP)

A component of working memory that handles visual and spatial information.

Cognitive Load Theory

A theory that describes the capacity limits of working memory in processing information, influenced by intrinsic, extraneous, and germane loads.

Intrinsic Load

The inherent difficulty associated with the material to be learned.

Extraneous Load

The way information is presented, which can affect learning efficiency.

Germane Load

The effort needed to process information into schemas and long-term memory.

Dual-task Methodology

A research approach used to investigate the independence of cognitive processes by requiring two tasks to be completed simultaneously.