(Q1) CPAR Lesson 3 U1

Precolonial Art
Social utility

• Art, for indigenous people, had _. It is integrated into communal services, such as planting and harvesting, weddings, funerals, and rites of passage.

• was also used in the daily lives of people.

• For instance, there are woven fabrics for dresses, weapons for battles, and chants for a good harvest.

Kashawing ritual
Banog-banog
Man-manok dance
Talip
Agung ensemble

Precolonial Art:

• the _, in Lake Lanao, is a prayer for abundance during harvesting season. It is a reenactment of a legendary pact between ancestors and unseen spirits.

• Higaonon and B’laan have _, and the Bagobos have the _, which imitates a bird’s movement.

• Ifugao’s courtship ritual is called _.

• These rituals are usually accompanied by their own musical instrument. An example of this is the _, which is usually played and complemented with dances that imitate the movements of animals.

Animism
Bul-ul
Okir

Precolonial Art:

• Indigenous arts were inspired by _. They created statues to symbolize their ancestors or the deities they worshipped.

• The Ifugao carved _ represents their granary god.

• In southern Philippines, _ is a curvilinear decoration and is influenced by Indian and Islamic art.

Spanish Colonial Art
Religious
Christian
Hispanic Baroque structure

• _ brought Catholicism, imposed western culture, and gave rise to _ or _ and folk arts.

• There was also the rise of _ in the Philippines, where towns were created in a structure of a plaza complex with a church at the center.

Santos
Retablos
Biblical
Narratives
Pasyon
Pabasa
Awit
Korido
Kundiman
Balitao
Sarsuwela
Senakulo
Komedya

Spanish Colonial Art:

• Religious icons like _ and _have become essential in rituals.

• Paintings focused on representing _ characters and _.

• Music was used for liturgies, where worship became essential. _ or _, a narration of Christ’s passion is portrayed during the Lent season.

• _ and _ became popular in the provinces of Ilolo, Pampanga, Ilocos, and Bicol.

• The Spanish colonization marked the rise of _ and _. Even Spanish theater was adopted, which gave birth to _, _, and _.

American and Japanese Colonial Art
Paz Marquez Benitez

• Americans introduced the public education system in the Philippines. Thus, the learners were required to learn English.

• They also brought Philippine literature into English.

• _’s short story Dead stars (Unrequited love) marked the birth of modern Philippine literature in English.

Vaudeville
Bodabil
Fernando Amorsolo

American and Japanese Colonial Art:

• American popularized seculars like _ or _ in theater.

• University of the Philippines (UP) was established, and the School of Fine Arts allowed Filipino artists, such as _, to learn western techniques.

• The Japanese emphasized on nationalism, the effect of the war and repression on the Filipino people.

Contemporary Arts in the Philippines
New society
Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex
Social realism
Prometheus Unbound
Jose Lacaba
Ruben Cuevas

• Culture and arts were given more focus in line with the vision of a “_” during the Marcos regime.

• Urban planning and architecture were also highlighted through the establishment of the _ and other structures.

• _ became the leading movement in response to martial law’s horrors.

• Literary, visual, and performing arts were used to express dissent.

• For instance, the acrostic poem _ by _, whose pen name is _ revealed the hidden message “Marcos, Hitler, Diktador, Tuta,” a chant during protests

Democracy
Self-expression

Contemporary Arts in the Philippines

• When martial law was lifted, Filipinos were re-introduced to _.

• The newfound freedom paved the way for more diverse and expressive Filipino artworks.

• Art has now become more about _. With the rise of technology and the popularity of social media, Filipinos found more platforms and ways to express themselves, thereby continuously changing the art scene.