Dr. Bright PSYC 101 Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders

percent of American adults that have a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year

23%

NIMH

National Institute of Mental Health

T or F: women have more mental illness (AMI and SMI) than men.

T

AMI- any mental illness

SMI- serious mental illness

Nearly _ of the population will have a mental disorder in their lives

1/2

most common types of mental disorders

mood disorder (depression), anxiety, and ADHD

what percent of those diagnosed meet the criteria for 2 or more disorders?

45%

comorbidity

co-occurrence of two disorders

what are some social effects/costs to society of mental disorders?

missed work, domestic violence, etc.

psychopathology

study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders

abnormal behavior

deviates significantly from the norm

mental disorder is... (5 criteria)

1. not culturally or situationally expected

2. maladaptive

3. detailed in DSM- 5-TR

4. something a person has

5. caused by bio and/or psychosocial factors

maladaptive

causes significant disruption or distress

what does DSM stand for? Why is it important?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; it's important because everybody is under the same standard

what are some biological factors that causes mental disorders? what are some psychosocial factors?

1. genetic, head consumption, pollution

2. PTSD, poverty, abuse, neglect

schizophrenia

chronic SMI; disordered cognition leads to behaviors

statistics for schizophrenia?

common in early 20s, more men, 25% will come back to function as they did before

what causes selective attention problems of schizophrenia?

impaired sensory filter

what are some symptoms of schizo?

hearing voices; hallucinations; delusions; disorganized thought, speech, and behaviors; flat affect

delusions

firmly held false belief of grandeur, persecution, erotomanic, influence, etc.

example of erotomania

John Hankley shot Reagan to win the love of Jody Foster

Schizo: environmental and genetic causes =

stress-vulnerability model

schizo: overactivity in ___ system

dopamine

schizo causes ___ brain ___ and activity in ___

reduced, tissue, frontal lobes

Mood disorders: what is depression?

extreme, prolonged sadness and hopelessness

what are some symptoms of depression (4)?

1. loss of energy and interest

2. disturbed sleeping/eating patterns

3. epinephrine and serotonin loss

4. anhedonia- losing interest in something you used to find interest in

depression occurs ___x more in ___ (M or F)

2x, females

-men externalize

-females have both biological factors (hormones, postpartum depression) and psychosocial factors (abuse, single-parenting, etc.)

which demographic has a high suicide risk?

most commonly in older men, american indian/white, single, and mental health diagnosis

how can we help those who are depressed?

make plans in the near future, know about national suicide hotline

SAD

seasonal affective disorder; more common in fall season and north, phototherapy

phototherapy

regulates circadian rythyms and melatonin release

bipolar disorder

mood swings between depression and mania (equal between M and F)

what regulates bipolar disorder?

artificial light and lithium drug

what are some symptoms of mania?

jumpy, full of energy, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep

what is a typical course of bipolar disorder?

1. manic/depressive episode starts

2. psychotic symptoms

3. first-ep mania